महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-113, verse-20

इति तेन पुरा भीरु मर्यादा स्थापिता बलात् ।
उद्दालकस्य पुत्रेण धर्म्या वै श्वेतकेतुना ॥२०॥

20. iti tena purā bhīru maryādā sthāpitā balāt ,
uddālakasya putreṇa dharmyā vai śvetaketunā.

20. iti tena purā bhīru maryādā sthāpitā balāt
uddālakasya putreṇa dharmyā vai śvetaketunā

20. Thus, O dear one, this righteous (dharmya) boundary (maryādā) was forcefully established in ancient times by Śvetaketu, the son of Uddālaka.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Śvetaketu) (by him)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, anciently, in former times)

• भीरु (bhīru) - O dear one (as an address) (O timid one, O fearful one)

• मर्यादा (maryādā) - this rule, this boundary (boundary, limit, rule, proper conduct)

• स्थापिता (sthāpitā) - was established (established, fixed, placed)

• बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully, from strength)

• उद्दालकस्य (uddālakasya) - of Uddālaka

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by the son

• धर्म्या (dharmyā) - righteous (dharmya) (righteous, lawful, pertaining to dharma)

• वै (vai) - certainly (indeed, surely)

• श्वेतकेतुना (śvetaketunā) - by Śvetaketu

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Quotative or demonstrative particle.

तेन (tena) - by him (Śvetaketu) (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agent of sthāpitā.

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, anciently, in former times)

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb.

भीरु (bhīru) - O dear one (as an address) (O timid one, O fearful one)

(noun)

Vocative, singular of bhīru

bhīru - timid, fearful, cowardly; a timid person

Form derived from root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

मर्यादा (maryādā) - this rule, this boundary (boundary, limit, rule, proper conduct)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maryādā

maryādā - boundary, limit, rule, propriety, convention, decorum

Note: Subject of sthāpitā.

स्थापिता (sthāpitā) - was established (established, fixed, placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthāpita

sthāpita - placed, established, fixed, set up

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Derived from the causal form of root sthā (to stand), sthāpaya, with kta suffix.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate of the sentence.

बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully, from strength)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular used adverbially.

उद्दालकस्य (uddālakasya) - of Uddālaka

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of uddālaka

uddālaka - Uddālaka (proper name)

Note: Possessive for putreṇa.

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by the son

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

Note: Forms a compound-like phrase with uddālakasya.

धर्म्या (dharmyā) - righteous (dharmya) (righteous, lawful, pertaining to dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmya

dharmya - righteous, virtuous, lawful, conformable to natural law (dharma)

Derived from dharma.

वै (vai) - certainly (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

श्वेतकेतुना (śvetaketunā) - by Śvetaketu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śvetaketu

śvetaketu - Śvetaketu (proper name)

Compound śveta (white) + ketu (banner/sign).