योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-129, verse-5

श्रीराम उवाच ।
एकैव वासना ब्रह्मन्या चतुर्णां सदोदिता ।
नानातां सा कथं प्राप्ता हीनोत्तमफलप्रदाम् ॥ ५ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
ekaiva vāsanā brahmanyā caturṇāṃ sadoditā ,
nānātāṃ sā kathaṃ prāptā hīnottamaphalapradām 5

5. śrīrāma uvāca ekā eva vāsanā brahman yā caturṇām sadā
uditā nānātām sā katham prāptā hīnotttamaphalapradām

5. śrīrāma uvāca brahman caturṇām sadā uditā yā ekā eva
vāsanā sā hīnotttamaphalapradām nānātām katham prāptā

5. Śrī Rāma asked: O Brahman, how did that single latent impression (vāsanā), which always arises from the four (categories), acquire such diversity as to yield inferior and superior results?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma, Śrī Rāma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एका (ekā) - one, single

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

• वासना (vāsanā) - latent impression, mental tendency, desire, predisposition (vāsanā)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing Sage Vasiṣṭha (O Brahman, O supreme reality, O revered one)

• या (yā) - which, who

• चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

• उदिता (uditā) - arisen, manifested, appeared, uttered

• नानाताम् (nānātām) - manifoldness, diversity, variety

• सा (sā) - that, she

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• प्राप्ता (prāptā) - obtained, attained, reached, acquired

• हीनोत्त्तमफलप्रदाम् (hīnotttamaphalapradām) - yielding inferior and superior fruits/results

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma, Śrī Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rāma, an epithet for Rāma

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense (lit)

3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

एका (ekā) - one, single

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

वासना (vāsanā) - latent impression, mental tendency, desire, predisposition (vāsanā)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression, mental tendency, desire, perfume

From root 'vas' (to dwell, to perfume)

Root: vas (class 1)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing Sage Vasiṣṭha (O Brahman, O supreme reality, O revered one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman (the ultimate reality), a Brahmin, holy word

या (yā) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four

(numeral)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually

(indeclinable)

उदिता (uditā) - arisen, manifested, appeared, uttered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udita

udita - risen, appeared, uttered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

नानाताम् (nānātām) - manifoldness, diversity, variety

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nānātā

nānātā - manifoldness, diversity, variety

Derived from 'nānā' (various) with the suffix -tā (feminine nominalizer)

सा (sā) - that, she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

प्राप्ता (prāptā) - obtained, attained, reached, acquired

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

हीनोत्त्तमफलप्रदाम् (hīnotttamaphalapradām) - yielding inferior and superior fruits/results

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hīnotttamaphalaprada

hīnotttamaphalaprada - giving inferior and superior results

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (hīna-uttama-phala) + Tatpuruṣa (phala-prada) (hīna+uttama+phala+prada)

• hīna – inferior, low, deficient, abandoned
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'hā' (to abandon, to leave)
  Root: hā (class 3)
• uttama – superior, highest, excellent, best
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)
• prada – giving, bestowing, yielding
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)