योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-129, verse-17

तदेवाश्वपरिज्ञातं मिथ्या विद्येति कथ्यते ।
परिज्ञातं तु तच्छान्तं तथा ब्रह्मेति कथ्यते ॥ १७ ॥

tadevāśvaparijñātaṃ mithyā vidyeti kathyate ,
parijñātaṃ tu tacchāntaṃ tathā brahmeti kathyate 17

17. tat eva aśvaparijñātam mithyā vidyā iti kathyate
parijñātam tu tat śāntam tathā brahma iti kathyate

17. tat eva aśvaparijñātam mithyā vidyā iti kathyate
tu tat parijñātam śāntam tathā brahma iti kathyate

17. That very thing, when superficially understood, is called false knowledge (mithyā vidyā). But that same thing, when perfectly understood, is called peaceful (śānta) and also Brahman.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - the same underlying reality or subject under discussion. (that, it)

• एव (eva) - 'that very thing', emphasizing identity. (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• अश्वपरिज्ञातम् (aśvaparijñātam) - when knowledge is superficial or incomplete, contrasting with true understanding. (superficially known, hastily understood, imperfectly perceived)

• मिथ्या (mithyā) - false, illusory (false, untrue, illusory, incorrectly)

• विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge (vidyā), here qualified as 'false' (knowledge, learning, science)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way, (marks direct speech)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called (is said, is told, is called)

• परिज्ञातम् (parijñātam) - understood in its entirety, truly discerned. (fully known, perfectly understood)

• तु (tu) - but, introducing a contrast (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• तत् (tat) - the same underlying reality or subject under discussion. (that, it)

• शान्तम् (śāntam) - characterized by peace, transcending disturbance. (peaceful, tranquil, calm, quieted)

• तथा (tathā) - and also, similarly (thus, so, in like manner, also)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate reality (brahman) (Brahman, the Absolute)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way, (marks direct speech)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called (is said, is told, is called)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - the same underlying reality or subject under discussion. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Subject of 'kathyate'.

एव (eva) - 'that very thing', emphasizing identity. (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अश्वपरिज्ञातम् (aśvaparijñātam) - when knowledge is superficial or incomplete, contrasting with true understanding. (superficially known, hastily understood, imperfectly perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśvaparijñāta

aśvaparijñāta - known by a horse (literally), superficially or hastily known (metaphorically)

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'aśva' (horse, swift) and 'parijñāta' (fully known). 'aśva' here used metaphorically to imply superficial or quick, hence incomplete, knowledge.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+parijñāta)

• aśva – horse, swift, quick
  noun (masculine)
• parijñāta – fully known, perfectly understood
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'jñā' with prefix 'pari'
  Prefix: pari
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'tat'.

मिथ्या (mithyā) - false, illusory (false, untrue, illusory, incorrectly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'vidyā'.

विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge (vidyā), here qualified as 'false' (knowledge, learning, science)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science

From root 'vid'

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative with 'kathyate'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way, (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the quoted name or definition.

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called (is said, is told, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

From root 'kath' (10th conjugation, atmanepada)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'tat'.

परिज्ञातम् (parijñātam) - understood in its entirety, truly discerned. (fully known, perfectly understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parijñāta

parijñāta - fully known, perfectly understood, recognized

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jñā' with prefix 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'tat'.

तु (tu) - but, introducing a contrast (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adversative conjunction.

तत् (tat) - the same underlying reality or subject under discussion. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Subject of 'kathyate'.

शान्तम् (śāntam) - characterized by peace, transcending disturbance. (peaceful, tranquil, calm, quieted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śānta

śānta - peaceful, tranquil, calm, quieted, ceased

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śam' (to be calm, to cease)

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative.

तथा (tathā) - and also, similarly (thus, so, in like manner, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate reality (brahman) (Brahman, the Absolute)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute, ultimate reality, the universal spirit (brahman)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative with 'kathyate'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way, (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the quoted name or definition.

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called (is said, is told, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

From root 'kath' (10th conjugation, atmanepada)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'tat'.