योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-59, verse-16

यस्य खस्येव शून्यत्वं स महात्मेह तद्वपुः ।
भावाद्वैतपदारूढः सुषुप्तपरया धिया ॥ १६ ॥

yasya khasyeva śūnyatvaṃ sa mahātmeha tadvapuḥ ,
bhāvādvaitapadārūḍhaḥ suṣuptaparayā dhiyā 16

16. yasya khasya iva śūnyatvam saḥ mahātmā iha tat
vapuḥ bhāvādvaitapadārūḍhaḥ suṣuptaparayā dhiyā

16. yasya khasya iva śūnyatvam saḥ iha mahātmā tat
vapuḥ suṣuptaparayā dhiyā bhāvādvaitapadārūḍhaḥ

16. He whose self possesses an emptiness like that of space is, in this world, a great soul (mahātmā) embodying that nature. He is established in the state of non-duality of existence, [attained] through supreme wisdom (dhiyā) that transcends even deep sleep (suṣupti).

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - Possessive pronoun referring to the self (ātman) of the enlightened person. (whose, of which)

• खस्य (khasya) - Refers to the vast, empty, all-pervading nature of space. (of space, of ether, of the sky)

• इव (iva) - Indicates a comparison. (like, as, as if)

• शून्यत्वम् (śūnyatvam) - The quality of being empty, referring to the non-dual and attributeless nature of the self. (emptiness, voidness, nothingness)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the enlightened individual described. (he, that)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - An epithet for a spiritually enlightened person (mahātmā). (great soul, noble-minded person)

• इह (iha) - Referring to the present life or earthly existence. (here, in this world, in this case)

• तत् (tat) - Referring to the quality of 'emptiness like space'. (that, his)

• वपुः (vapuḥ) - Possessing or embodying that nature (of spatial emptiness). (body, form, nature, essence)

• भावाद्वैतपदारूढः (bhāvādvaitapadārūḍhaḥ) - Firmly seated in the realization of ultimate non-duality (advaita) regarding existence. (established in the state of non-duality of existence)

• सुषुप्तपरया (suṣuptaparayā) - Through a state of supreme, transcendental awareness that surpasses even the deepest dreamless sleep (suṣupti). (by the highest deep sleep, by the supreme consciousness beyond deep sleep)

• धिया (dhiyā) - Through the faculty of pure, transcendental wisdom (dhiyā), which is supreme. (by wisdom, by intellect, by understanding)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - Possessive pronoun referring to the self (ātman) of the enlightened person. (whose, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the implicit 'ātman'.

खस्य (khasya) - Refers to the vast, empty, all-pervading nature of space. (of space, of ether, of the sky)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kha

kha - space, ether, sky, void

Note: Possessive, 'of space', used in a comparison.

इव (iva) - Indicates a comparison. (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

शून्यत्वम् (śūnyatvam) - The quality of being empty, referring to the non-dual and attributeless nature of the self. (emptiness, voidness, nothingness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śūnyatva

śūnyatva - emptiness, voidness, nothingness

From 'śūnya' (empty) + 'tva' (suffix forming abstract noun).

Root: śū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the enlightened individual described. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the main clause.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - An epithet for a spiritually enlightened person (mahātmā). (great soul, noble-minded person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble spirit, supreme soul (mahātmā)

From 'mahā' (great) + 'ātman' (self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine stem of 'mahat'.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'saḥ'.

इह (iha) - Referring to the present life or earthly existence. (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/time.

तत् (tat) - Referring to the quality of 'emptiness like space'. (that, his)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Adjective modifying 'vapuḥ'.

वपुः (vapuḥ) - Possessing or embodying that nature (of spatial emptiness). (body, form, nature, essence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, nature, essence

From root vap 'to weave, to strew'.

Root: vap (class 1)

Note: Predicate noun for 'saḥ' along with 'mahātmā'.

भावाद्वैतपदारूढः (bhāvādvaitapadārūḍhaḥ) - Firmly seated in the realization of ultimate non-duality (advaita) regarding existence. (established in the state of non-duality of existence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvādvaitapadārūḍha

bhāvādvaitapadārūḍha - ascended to the state of non-duality of existence, established in the stage of existential non-duality

Compound: 'bhāva' (existence) + 'advaita' (non-duality) + 'pada' (state/level) + 'ārūḍha' (ascended/established).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāva-advaita+pada+ārūḍha)

• bhāva – existence, being, state, nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū 'to be'.
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• advaita – non-duality (advaita), oneness
  noun (neuter)
  From 'a-dvaita' (not two).
  Prefix: a
• pada – step, foot, state, position, word
  noun (neuter)
  From root pad 'to go'.
  Root: pad (class 4)
• ārūḍha – ascended, mounted, established in
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ruh with prefix ā 'to ascend'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

सुषुप्तपरया (suṣuptaparayā) - Through a state of supreme, transcendental awareness that surpasses even the deepest dreamless sleep (suṣupti). (by the highest deep sleep, by the supreme consciousness beyond deep sleep)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of suṣuptapara

suṣuptapara - transcending deep sleep, superior to deep sleep

Compound 'suṣupta' (deep sleep) + 'para' (highest, beyond).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suṣupta+para)

• suṣupta – deep sleep (suṣupti)
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of svap (to sleep) with intensive prefix su- (good, well) indicating deep.
  Prefix: su
  Root: svap (class 2)
• para – supreme, highest, ultimate, other, beyond
  adjective
  Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Instrumental case as it modifies 'dhiyā'.

धिया (dhiyā) - Through the faculty of pure, transcendental wisdom (dhiyā), which is supreme. (by wisdom, by intellect, by understanding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhī

dhī - thought, intellect, wisdom, understanding (dhiyā)

From root dhyai 'to think, meditate'.

Root: dhyai (class 1)

Note: Instrumental case, 'by means of wisdom'.