योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-43, verse-8

नगरे नगसंकाशे लग्नोऽग्निर्व्याप्तदिक्तटः ।
दहंश्चटचटास्फोटैः पातयत्युत्तमां पुरीम् ॥ ८ ॥

nagare nagasaṃkāśe lagno'gnirvyāptadiktaṭaḥ ,
dahaṃścaṭacaṭāsphoṭaiḥ pātayatyuttamāṃ purīm 8

8. nagare nagasaṃkāśe lagnaḥ agniḥ vyāptadiktaṭaḥ
dahan caṭacaṭāsphoṭaiḥ pātayati uttamāṃ purīm

8. nagare nagasaṃkāśe agniḥ lagnaḥ vyāptadiktaṭaḥ
caṭacaṭāsphoṭaiḥ dahan uttamāṃ purīm pātayati

8. In the city, which resembles a mountain, fire has erupted, its flames spreading across all horizons. Burning with crackling sounds, it is destroying that magnificent city.

Words meanings summery:

• नगरे (nagare) - in the city (where the fire started) (in the city)

• नगसंकाशे (nagasaṁkāśe) - resembling a mountain (describing the city's grandeur/height) (resembling a mountain)

• लग्नः (lagnaḥ) - has caught, started (referring to the fire) (attached, caught, commenced, fixed)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (the subject of the action) (fire)

• व्याप्तदिक्तटः (vyāptadiktaṭaḥ) - spreading across all horizons (describing the fire) (having horizons pervaded/covered, spread to all directions)

• दहन् (dahan) - burning (the city) (burning, scorching)

• चटचटास्फोटैः (caṭacaṭāsphoṭaiḥ) - with crackling sounds (produced by the fire) (with crackling sounds and explosions)

• पातयति (pātayati) - it (the fire) destroys (he/it causes to fall, throws down, destroys)

• उत्तमां (uttamāṁ) - magnificent, excellent (describing the city) (excellent, best, supreme)

• पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (being destroyed) (city, town, fortress)

Words meanings and morphology

नगरे (nagare) - in the city (where the fire started) (in the city)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Refers to the location.

नगसंकाशे (nagasaṁkāśe) - resembling a mountain (describing the city's grandeur/height) (resembling a mountain)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nagasaṃkāśa

nagasaṁkāśa - resembling a mountain, mountain-like

Compound `naga` (mountain) + `saṃkāśa` (resembling, similar).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naga+saṃkāśa)

• naga – mountain, tree (that does not move)
  noun (masculine)
  Negation `na` + `ga` (going).
• saṃkāśa – resembling, similar, appearing like
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `kāś` (to shine, appear) with prefix `sam` (with).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `nagare`.

लग्नः (lagnaḥ) - has caught, started (referring to the fire) (attached, caught, commenced, fixed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lagna

lagna - attached, caught, fixed, begun, joined

Past Passive Participle

From root `lag` (to attach, adhere) + `kta`.

Root: lag (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `agniḥ`.

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (the subject of the action) (fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

Root: ag

व्याप्तदिक्तटः (vyāptadiktaṭaḥ) - spreading across all horizons (describing the fire) (having horizons pervaded/covered, spread to all directions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāptadiktaṭa

vyāptadiktaṭa - having its quarters/regions pervaded; spreading to all directions

Bahuvrīhi compound: `vyāpta` (pervaded) + `diktata` (regions of space/horizon).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyāpta+diktata)

• vyāpta – pervaded, filled, spread
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `āp` (to obtain, reach) with prefix `vi`. `vi-√āp + kta`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: āp (class 5)
• diktata – horizon, quarter of the sky, region
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `dik` (direction) and `tata` (shore, region).

Note: Qualifies `agniḥ`.

दहन् (dahan) - burning (the city) (burning, scorching)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dahat

dahat - burning, consuming, scorching

Present Active Participle

From root `dah` (to burn) + `śatṛ`.

Root: dah (class 1)

चटचटास्फोटैः (caṭacaṭāsphoṭaiḥ) - with crackling sounds (produced by the fire) (with crackling sounds and explosions)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of caṭacaṭāsphoṭa

caṭacaṭāsphoṭa - crackling sounds, explosions

Compound `caṭacaṭā` (onomatopoeic sound) + `āsphoṭa` (burst, explosion).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (caṭacaṭā+āsphoṭa)

• caṭacaṭā – crackling sound, rustling sound (onomatopoeic)
  indeclinable
• āsphoṭa – burst, explosion, crack
  noun (masculine)
  From root `sphuṭ` (to burst) with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sphuṭ (class 6)

Note: Indicates the means or manner of burning.

पातयति (pātayati) - it (the fire) destroys (he/it causes to fall, throws down, destroys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Causative, Present tense, third person singular

Causative of root `pat` (to fall) `√pat + ṇic + ti`.

Root: pat (class 1)

उत्तमां (uttamāṁ) - magnificent, excellent (describing the city) (excellent, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uttama

uttama - excellent, best, highest, supreme

Superlative of `ud` (up) or `ut`.

Note: Qualifies `purīm`.

पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (being destroyed) (city, town, fortress)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress, dwelling

Root: pṛ

Note: Object of `pātayati`.

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