योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-43, verse-33

वहदुल्मुककाष्ठोर्ध्वगामिनी धूमनिम्नगा ।
वैमानिकानन्धयति पश्याग्निकणबुद्बुदा ॥ ३३ ॥

vahadulmukakāṣṭhordhvagāminī dhūmanimnagā ,
vaimānikānandhayati paśyāgnikaṇabudbudā 33

33. vahant-ulmuka-kāṣṭha-ūrdhvagāminī dhūma-nimnagā
vaimānikān andhayati paśya agni-kaṇa-budbudā

33. dhūma-nimnagā vahant-ulmuka-kāṣṭha-ūrdhvagāminī
vaimānikān andhayati paśya agni-kaṇa-budbudā

33. The smoke-river, carrying embers and pieces of wood upwards, blinds the aerial travelers. Behold, [it is full of] bubbles of fire-sparks!

Words meanings summery:

• वहन्त्-उल्मुक-काष्ठ-ऊर्ध्वगामिनी (vahant-ulmuka-kāṣṭha-ūrdhvagāminī) - describing the smoke-river as it carries burning debris while ascending (carrying embers and wood upwards)

• धूम-निम्नगा (dhūma-nimnagā) - the metaphorical river of smoke rising from a fire (smoke-river)

• वैमानिकान् (vaimānikān) - aerial travelers, aviators, those in air vehicles

• अन्धयति (andhayati) - it blinds, makes blind

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, look, see

• अग्नि-कण-बुद्बुदा (agni-kaṇa-budbudā) - referring to the appearance of fire sparks within the smoke, resembling bubbles (bubbles of fire-sparks, spark-bubbles)

Words meanings and morphology

वहन्त्-उल्मुक-काष्ठ-ऊर्ध्वगामिनी (vahant-ulmuka-kāṣṭha-ūrdhvagāminī) - describing the smoke-river as it carries burning debris while ascending (carrying embers and wood upwards)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vahantī-ulmuka-kāṣṭha-ūrdhvagāminī

vahantī-ulmuka-kāṣṭha-ūrdhvagāminī - (she who is) carrying embers and wood upwards

Present Active Participle

A complex descriptive compound for `dhūma-nimnagā`, formed by `vahantī` (carrying, participle), `ulmuka` (embers), `kāṣṭha` (wood), and `ūrdhvagāminī` (going upwards).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vahantī+ulmuka+kāṣṭha+ūrdhvagāminī)

• vahantī – carrying, flowing
  participle (feminine)
  Present Active Participle
  Feminine nominative singular of present active participle from √vah (to carry, flow). The stem is `vahant`.
  Root: vah (class 1)
• ulmuka – firebrand, live coal, ember
  noun (neuter)
• kāṣṭha – wood, piece of wood, fuel
  noun (neuter)
• ūrdhvagāminī – going upwards, ascending
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine of `ūrdhvagāmin`, derived from `ūrdhva` (upwards) and √gam (to go) with suffix -in.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies `dhūma-nimnagā`.

धूम-निम्नगा (dhūma-nimnagā) - the metaphorical river of smoke rising from a fire (smoke-river)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhūma-nimnagā

dhūma-nimnagā - river of smoke, smoke-stream

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhūma+nimnagā)

• dhūma – smoke
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhū (class 9)
• nimnagā – river, stream (lit. 'going downwards')
  noun (feminine)
  feminine of `nimnaga` (going downwards), from `nimna` (down) and √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वैमानिकान् (vaimānikān) - aerial travelers, aviators, those in air vehicles

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vaimānika

vaimānika - aviator, aerial traveler, one who travels by `vimāna` (aerial car)

Derived from `vimāna` (aerial car, plane) with the `-ika` suffix.

Note: Object of `andhayati`.

अन्धयति (andhayati) - it blinds, makes blind

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of andh

causative

Causative of root √andh (to be blind) formed with the causative suffix `-aya`.

Root: andh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `dhūma-nimnagā`.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, look, see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

imperative

Present stem `paśya` from root `dṛś`, 2nd person singular imperative.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अग्नि-कण-बुद्बुदा (agni-kaṇa-budbudā) - referring to the appearance of fire sparks within the smoke, resembling bubbles (bubbles of fire-sparks, spark-bubbles)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of agni-kaṇa-budbuda

agni-kaṇa-budbuda - a bubble of fire-sparks, a spark-bubble

Compound type : tatpurusha (agni+kaṇa+budbuda)

• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• kaṇa – speck, particle, spark
  noun (masculine)
• budbuda – bubble
  noun (masculine)

Note: This is feminine singular nominative, likely referring to the collective appearance or shape of fire sparks.

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