योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-43, verse-53

अहो नु विषमं चेदं वर्तते वृत्तवर्जितम् ।
ध्रियन्ते राजनार्योऽपि वैरिवीरैरुदायुधैः ॥ ५३ ॥

aho nu viṣamaṃ cedaṃ vartate vṛttavarjitam ,
dhriyante rājanāryo'pi vairivīrairudāyudhaiḥ 53

53. aho nu viṣamam ca idam vartate vṛttavarjitam
dhriyante rājanāryaḥ api vairivīraiḥ udāyudhaiḥ

53. aho nu,
idam viṣamam vṛttavarjitam ca vartate.
rājanāryaḥ api udāyudhaiḥ vairivīraiḥ dhriyante

53. Oh, how dreadful is this situation, utterly devoid of proper conduct! Even royal women are being seized by enemy warriors wielding upraised weapons.

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then, surely

• विषमम् (viṣamam) - difficult, dreadful, uneven, perverse

• च (ca) - and

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वर्तते (vartate) - exists, happens, prevails

• वृत्तवर्जितम् (vṛttavarjitam) - devoid of good conduct, lacking proper behavior

• ध्रियन्ते (dhriyante) - are held, are seized, are supported

• राजनार्यः (rājanāryaḥ) - royal women

• अपि (api) - even, also

• वैरिवीरैः (vairivīraiḥ) - by enemy warriors

• उदायुधैः (udāyudhaiḥ) - with upraised weapons, wielding upraised weapons

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then, surely

(indeclinable)

विषमम् (viṣamam) - difficult, dreadful, uneven, perverse

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, dreadful, dangerous, perverse

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

वर्तते (vartate) - exists, happens, prevails

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛt

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present middle (ātmanepada) form

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

वृत्तवर्जितम् (vṛttavarjitam) - devoid of good conduct, lacking proper behavior

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛttavarjita

vṛttavarjita - devoid of conduct, lacking good behavior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtta+varjita)

• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, occurred, happened
  noun (neuter)
  Can also be a past passive participle of √vṛt
  Root: √vṛt (class 1)
• varjita – devoid of, abandoned, excluded, avoided
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from the root √vṛj (to avoid, abandon)
  Root: √vṛj (class 1)

ध्रियन्ते (dhriyante) - are held, are seized, are supported

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (lat) of dhṛ

Present Passive Indicative

3rd person plural present passive form of √dhṛ

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

राजनार्यः (rājanāryaḥ) - royal women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rājanārī

rājanārī - royal woman, queen

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+nārī)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• nārī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

वैरिवीरैः (vairivīraiḥ) - by enemy warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vairivīra

vairivīra - enemy warrior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vairi+vīra)

• vairi – enemy, hostile
  noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, warrior, brave man
  noun (masculine)

उदायुधैः (udāyudhaiḥ) - with upraised weapons, wielding upraised weapons

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of udāyudha

udāyudha - with upraised weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ut+āyudha)

• ut – up, upwards, forth
  upasarga
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

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