योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-43, verse-41

मातापितृविनिर्मुक्ता बालकास्तिमिरावलीम् ।
मग्नन्तोऽङ्गेषुरथ्यासु कुड्यपातेन हा हताः ॥ ४१ ॥

mātāpitṛvinirmuktā bālakāstimirāvalīm ,
magnanto'ṅgeṣurathyāsu kuḍyapātena hā hatāḥ 41

41. mātāpitṛvinirmuktāḥ bālakāḥ timirāvalīm
magnantaḥ aṅgeṣu rathyāsu kuḍyapātena hā hatāḥ

41. hā bālakāḥ mātāpitṛvinirmuktāḥ timirāvalīm
magnantaḥ rathyāsu aṅgeṣu kuḍyapātena hatāḥ

41. Alas, children (bālakāḥ) abandoned by their parents (mātāpitṛvinirmuktāḥ), plunging into profound darkness (timirāvalīm), are killed (hatāḥ) in the streets (rathyāsu) by falling walls (kuḍyapātena), with the debris landing on their bodies (aṅgeṣu).

Words meanings summery:

• मातापितृविनिर्मुक्ताः (mātāpitṛvinirmuktāḥ) - abandoned by their parents (mātāpitṛvinirmuktāḥ) (abandoned by parents, separated from mother and father)

• बालकाः (bālakāḥ) - children (bālakāḥ) (children, boys)

• तिमिरावलीम् (timirāvalīm) - plunging into profound darkness (timirāvalīm) (into a deep darkness, into a row of darkness)

• मग्नन्तः (magnantaḥ) - sinking, submerging, drowning

• अङ्गेषु (aṅgeṣu) - on their bodies (aṅgeṣu) (on their bodies, on their limbs)

• रथ्यासु (rathyāsu) - in the streets (rathyāsu) (in the streets, on the roads)

• कुड्यपातेन (kuḍyapātena) - by falling walls (kuḍyapātena) (by the falling of walls)

• हा (hā) - alas! ah! (interjection of sorrow)

• हताः (hatāḥ) - killed (hatāḥ) (killed, struck down, destroyed)

Words meanings and morphology

मातापितृविनिर्मुक्ताः (mātāpitṛvinirmuktāḥ) - abandoned by their parents (mātāpitṛvinirmuktāḥ) (abandoned by parents, separated from mother and father)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mātāpitṛvinirmukta

mātāpitṛvinirmukta - abandoned by parents

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mātāpitṛ+vinirmukta)

• mātāpitṛ – mother and father, parents
  noun (masculine)
• vinirmukta – abandoned, released, set free
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muc (to release) with upasargas vi and nir.
  Prefixes: vi+nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies bālakāḥ.

बालकाः (bālakāḥ) - children (bālakāḥ) (children, boys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bālaka

bālaka - child, boy, young one

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तिमिरावलीम् (timirāvalīm) - plunging into profound darkness (timirāvalīm) (into a deep darkness, into a row of darkness)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of timirāvali

timirāvali - a dense darkness, a series of darkness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (timira+āvali)

• timira – darkness, gloom
  noun (neuter)
• āvali – row, series, line
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of motion implied by magnantaḥ.

मग्नन्तः (magnantaḥ) - sinking, submerging, drowning

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maj

maj - to sink, to dive, to plunge

Present Active Participle

From root maj, present stem majjat.

Root: maj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies bālakāḥ.

अङ्गेषु (aṅgeṣu) - on their bodies (aṅgeṣu) (on their bodies, on their limbs)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of aṅga

aṅga - limb, body, part, member

Note: Refers to the debris falling on the bodies.

रथ्यासु (rathyāsu) - in the streets (rathyāsu) (in the streets, on the roads)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of rathyā

rathyā - street, road, path

Note: Locative of place.

कुड्यपातेन (kuḍyapātena) - by falling walls (kuḍyapātena) (by the falling of walls)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kuḍyapāta

kuḍyapāta - falling of a wall

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuḍya+pāta)

• kuḍya – wall
  noun (neuter)
• pāta – falling, descent, fall
  noun (masculine)
  From root pat (to fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agent/cause of killing.

हा (hā) - alas! ah! (interjection of sorrow)

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses sorrow.

हताः (hatāḥ) - killed (hatāḥ) (killed, struck down, destroyed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, struck, injured, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate for bālakāḥ.

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