योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-10, verse-33

सम्राड्भवेति पार्श्वस्थं वदन्तमनुजीविनम् ।
प्रलपन्तमिवोन्मत्तं हसत्यन्यमना मुनिः ॥ ३३ ॥

samrāḍbhaveti pārśvasthaṃ vadantamanujīvinam ,
pralapantamivonmattaṃ hasatyanyamanā muniḥ 33

33. samrāṭ bhava iti pārśvastham vadantam anujīvinam
pralapantam iva unmattam hasati anyamanā muniḥ

33. The sage (muniḥ), whose mind is elsewhere, laughs at his attendant (anujīvinam) standing by his side, who says "Be an emperor!" — the sage laughs as if the attendant were a babbling madman.

Words meanings summery:

• सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign ruler

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• इति (iti) - thus

• पार्श्वस्थम् (pārśvastham) - standing by the side, nearby

• वदन्तम् (vadantam) - speaking, saying

• अनुजीविनम् (anujīvinam) - dependent, servant

• प्रलपन्तम् (pralapantam) - babbling, talking incoherently

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• उन्मत्तम् (unmattam) - a madman, insane

• हसति (hasati) - laughs

• अन्यमना (anyamanā) - with his mind elsewhere, distracted

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

Words meanings and morphology

सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samrāj

samrāj - emperor, sovereign, supreme ruler

Prefix: sam

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Part of the quoted speech.

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative active

root bhū (P. 1st class), conjugated in imperative, second person, singular, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Part of the quoted speech.

इति (iti) - thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the direct quote.

पार्श्वस्थम् (pārśvastham) - standing by the side, nearby

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārśvastha

pārśvastha - standing by one's side, nearby

from pārśva (side) + stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārśva+stha)

• pārśva – side, flank
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, being
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/derivative
  root sthā + ka
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `anujīvinam`.

वदन्तम् (vadantam) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadat

vad - to speak, say

Present Active Participle

root vad + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `anujīvinam`.

अनुजीविनम् (anujīvinam) - dependent, servant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anujīvin

anujīvin - follower, dependent, servant

agent noun

from anu + jīv (to live), with suffix -in

Prefix: anu

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Object of `hasati`.

प्रलपन्तम् (pralapantam) - babbling, talking incoherently

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pralapat

lap - to speak, chatter, babble

Present Active Participle

root lap + śatṛ, with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `anujīvinam` and `unmattam`.

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `pralapantam` with `unmattam`.

उन्मत्तम् (unmattam) - a madman, insane

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of unmatta

unmatta - insane, mad, excited, distracted, a madman

Past Passive Participle

root mad + ta, with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of comparison with `anujīvinam`.

हसति (hasati) - laughs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of has

Present active indicative

root has (P. 1st class), conjugated in present, third person, singular, active voice.

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

अन्यमना (anyamanā) - with his mind elsewhere, distracted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anyamanas

anyamanas - having the mind on other things, distracted, absent-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (anya+manas)

• anya – other, another
  pronoun
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `muniḥ`.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, contemplative person

Note: Subject of the sentence.