वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-34, verse-3

ततः कदा चित् किष्किन्धां नगरीं वालिपालिताम् ।
गत्वाह्वयति युद्धाय वालिनं हेममालिनम् ॥३॥

3. tataḥ kadā cit kiṣkindhāṃ nagarīṃ vālipālitām ,
gatvāhvayati yuddhāya vālinaṃ hemamālinam.

3. tataḥ kadā cit kiṣkindhām nagarīm vālipālitām
gatvā āhvayati yuddhāya vālinaṃ hemamālinam

3. Then, at one time, having gone to the city of Kiṣkindha, which was ruled by Vali, he challenged Vali, who wore a golden garland, to battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, afterwards

• कदा (kadā) - when, at what time

• चित् (cit) - particle, sometimes, a certain

• किष्किन्धाम् (kiṣkindhām) - Kiṣkindha (name of a city)

• नगरीम् (nagarīm) - city, town

• वालिपालिताम् (vālipālitām) - protected by Vali, ruled by Vali

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• आह्वयति (āhvayati) - he challenges, he calls

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, to battle

• वालिनं (vālinaṁ) - Vali (accusative)

• हेममालिनम् (hemamālinam) - wearing a golden garland, adorned with gold

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, afterwards

(indeclinable)

कदा (kadā) - when, at what time

(indeclinable)

चित् (cit) - particle, sometimes, a certain

(indeclinable)

किष्किन्धाम् (kiṣkindhām) - Kiṣkindha (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kiṣkindhā

kiṣkindhā - Kiṣkindha (name of the kingdom/city of Vānaras)

Note: Object of `gatvā`.

नगरीम् (nagarīm) - city, town

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nagarī

nagarī - city, town

वालिपालिताम् (vālipālitām) - protected by Vali, ruled by Vali

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vālipālita

vālipālita - protected by Vali, ruled by Vali

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound: Vali (proper noun) + Pālita (PPP of root `pā` 'to protect', with suffix `-ita`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vālin+pālita)

• vālin – Vali (name of the Vānara king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pālita – protected, guarded, governed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `pā` (to protect, rule) with suffix `-ita`.
  Root: pā (class 2)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `gam` (to go) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: gam (class 1)

आह्वयति (āhvayati) - he challenges, he calls

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ā-hvā

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Prefix `ā-` + root `hvā` (to call).

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Subject is Ravana (implied).

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, to battle

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

From root `yudh` (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates purpose.

वालिनं (vālinaṁ) - Vali (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vali (name of the Vānara king)

Note: Object of `āhvayati`.

हेममालिनम् (hemamālinam) - wearing a golden garland, adorned with gold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hemamālin

hemamālin - adorned with a golden garland, wearing a golden chain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (heman+mālin)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• mālin – wearing a garland, garlanded
  adjective (masculine)
  From `mālā` (garland) + suffix `-in`.