वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-28, verse-44

तद्विकृष्य महच्चापमिन्द्रो रावणमूर्धनि ।
निपातयामास शरान्पावकादित्यवर्चसः ॥४४॥

44. tadvikṛṣya mahaccāpamindro rāvaṇamūrdhani ,
nipātayāmāsa śarānpāvakādityavarcasaḥ.

44. tat vikṛṣya mahat cāpam indraḥ rāvaṇa mūrdhani
nipātayāmāsa śarān pāvakāditya varcasaḥ

44. indraḥ tat mahat cāpam vikṛṣya rāvaṇa mūrdhani
pāvakāditya varcasaḥ śarān nipātayāmāsa

44. Indra, having drawn that great bow, showered arrows on Rāvaṇa's head, arrows that had the brilliance of fire and the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• विकृष्य (vikṛṣya) - having drawn, having pulled

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of the gods)

• रावण (rāvaṇa) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king)

• मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head, on the top

• निपातयामास (nipātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he showered, he cast down

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• पावकादित्य (pāvakāditya) - (having the brilliance of) fire and sun (fire and sun)

• वर्चसः (varcasaḥ) - having the brilliance of (splendor, brilliance, energy)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to 'cāpam' (bow).

विकृष्य (vikṛṣya) - having drawn, having pulled

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From vi- + √kṛṣ (to pull, draw) with -ya suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'cāpam'.

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

Note: Object of 'vikṛṣya'.

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of the gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra

Note: Subject of 'nipātayāmāsa'.

रावण (rāvaṇa) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa

Note: Part of a compound 'rāvaṇa-mūrdhani', indicating possession.

मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head, on the top

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, forehead

Note: Location where arrows were showered.

निपातयामास (nipātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he showered, he cast down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nipātaya

perfect

From ni- + √pat (to fall) in causative form (-pātaya) + perfect ending.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Object of 'nipātayāmāsa'.

पावकादित्य (pāvakāditya) - (having the brilliance of) fire and sun (fire and sun)

(noun)

masculine, plural of pāvakāditya

pāvakāditya - fire and sun

Compound type : dvandva (pāvaka+āditya)

• pāvaka – fire
  noun (masculine)
• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)

Note: First part of Bahuvrihi compound 'pāvakādityavarcasaḥ'.

वर्चसः (varcasaḥ) - having the brilliance of (splendor, brilliance, energy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varcas

varcas - splendor, brilliance, energy

Note: Second part of Bahuvrihi compound 'pāvakādityavarcasaḥ', meaning 'having the splendor of'. Here, it qualifies 'śarān'.