वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-28, verse-1

सुमालिनं हतं दृष्ट्वा वसुना भस्मसात्कृतम् ।
विद्रुतं चापि स्वं सैन्यं लक्षयित्वार्दितं शरैः ॥१॥

1. sumālinaṃ hataṃ dṛṣṭvā vasunā bhasmasātkṛtam ,
vidrutaṃ cāpi svaṃ sainyaṃ lakṣayitvārditaṃ śaraiḥ.

1. sumālinam hatam dṛṣṭvā vasunā bhasmasātkṛtam vidrutam
ca api svam sainyam lakṣayitvā ārditam śaraiḥ

1. Seeing Sumālin slain and reduced to ashes by Vasu, and also observing his own army in flight and tormented by arrows...

Words meanings summery:

• सुमालिनम् (sumālinam) - Sumālin (a demon leader) (Sumālin)

• हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

• वसुना (vasunā) - by Vasu (a divine being or specific warrior) (by Vasu)

• भस्मसात्कृतम् (bhasmasātkṛtam) - reduced to ashes (reduced to ashes, incinerated)

• विद्रुतम् (vidrutam) - in flight, fleeing (fled, put to flight)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• स्वम् (svam) - his own (own, his own)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, host)

• लक्षयित्वा (lakṣayitvā) - observing (having observed, having seen, having perceived)

• आर्दितम् (ārditam) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, pained)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

सुमालिनम् (sumālinam) - Sumālin (a demon leader) (Sumālin)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumālin

sumālin - Sumālin (a proper name, often a demon's name)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

Past Passive Participle

from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sumālinam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वसुना (vasunā) - by Vasu (a divine being or specific warrior) (by Vasu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vasu

vasu - a class of deities, wealth, excellent, good

Note: Agent of 'hatam' and 'bhasmasātkṛtam'.

भस्मसात्कृतम् (bhasmasātkṛtam) - reduced to ashes (reduced to ashes, incinerated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhasmasātkṛta

bhasmasātkṛta - reduced to ashes, incinerated

Past Passive Participle

from root kṛ (to do, make) with `bhasmasāt` (to ashes)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (bhasman+sāt+kṛta)

• bhasman – ashes
  noun (neuter)
• sāt – expressing transformation into
  indeclinable
  kṛ-dvitiya compound forming suffix
• kṛta – done, made
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'sumālinam'.

विद्रुतम् (vidrutam) - in flight, fleeing (fled, put to flight)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vidruta

vidruta - fled, escaped, dispersed

Past Passive Participle

from root dru (to run) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'ca'.

स्वम् (svam) - his own (own, his own)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, belonging to oneself

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

derived from senā (army)

Note: Object of lakṣayitvā.

लक्षयित्वा (lakṣayitvā) - observing (having observed, having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from causative of root lakṣ (to perceive, mark)

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Denotes prior action before the main verb of the sentence (which is in the next verse).

आर्दितम् (ārditam) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, pained)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārdita

ārdita - tormented, afflicted, wounded

Past Passive Participle

from root ṛd (to trouble, torment)

Root: ṛd (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Means by which the army was tormented.