वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-114, verse-33

तेषां नो विप्रनष्टानां विन्ध्ये पर्वतसत्तमे ।
भृशं शोकाभितप्तानां महान् कालो ऽत्यवर्तत ॥३३॥

33. teṣāṃ no vipranaṣṭānāṃ vindhye parvatasattame ,
bhṛśaṃ śokābhitaptānāṃ mahān kālo'tyavartata.

33. teṣām naḥ vipranaṣṭānām vindhye parvata sattame
bhṛśam śokābhitaptānām mahān kālaḥ atyavartata

33. naḥ vipranaṣṭānām bhṛśam śokābhitaptānām teṣām
vindhye parvata sattame mahān kālaḥ atyavartata

33. For us (monkeys) who were utterly lost in the excellent Vindhya mountain (range) and greatly afflicted by sorrow, a long time passed.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (monkeys) (of them, to them)

• नः (naḥ) - "for us" (the speaker and other monkeys). (us, our, to us)

• विप्रनष्टानाम् (vipranaṣṭānām) - of the monkeys who were lost (in the search for Sītā) (of those utterly lost, of those who perished)

• विन्ध्ये (vindhye) - the specific location where the monkeys were lost (in the Vindhya mountain range)

• पर्वत (parvata) - as part of 'best of mountains' (mountain)

• सत्तमे (sattame) - in the best of mountains (Vindhya) (in the best, in the most excellent)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly afflicted by sorrow (greatly, exceedingly, intensely)

• शोकाभितप्तानाम् (śokābhitaptānām) - of the monkeys who were deeply grieved (of those afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief)

• महान् (mahān) - a long period of time (great, large, extensive)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - a period of time (time, period, season)

• अत्यवर्तत (atyavartata) - time passed by (passed, went by, elapsed)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (monkeys) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the monkeys mentioned in previous verses.

नः (naḥ) - "for us" (the speaker and other monkeys). (us, our, to us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Can also be used as an enclitic particle. Here, taken as genitive plural "our" or dative "to us".

विप्रनष्टानाम् (vipranaṣṭānām) - of the monkeys who were lost (in the search for Sītā) (of those utterly lost, of those who perished)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vipranaṣṭa

vipranaṣṭa - utterly lost, perished, gone astray

past passive participle

root naś (to perish, disappear) + upasargas vi + pra + suffix -kta

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām' and 'śokābhitaptānām'.

विन्ध्ये (vindhye) - the specific location where the monkeys were lost (in the Vindhya mountain range)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vindhya

vindhya - Vindhya (name of a mountain range)

Note: Location.

पर्वत (parvata) - as part of 'best of mountains' (mountain)

(noun)

masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Note: Part of the compound 'parvatasattame'.

सत्तमे (sattame) - in the best of mountains (Vindhya) (in the best, in the most excellent)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sattama

sattama - best, most excellent, supreme

superlative suffix -tama to sat (good, existent)

Note: Agrees with 'vindhye' (as part of 'parvatasattame').

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly afflicted by sorrow (greatly, exceedingly, intensely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'śokābhitaptānām'.

शोकाभितप्तानाम् (śokābhitaptānām) - of the monkeys who were deeply grieved (of those afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śokābhitapta

śokābhitapta - afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief

past passive participle

compound of śoka (sorrow) and abhitapta (afflicted, burnt)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+abhitapta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• abhitapta – afflicted, tormented, burnt
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  root tap (to heat, suffer) + upasarga abhi + suffix -kta
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām' and 'vipranaṣṭānām'.

महान् (mahān) - a long period of time (great, large, extensive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'kālaḥ'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - a period of time (time, period, season)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, duration, season

Note: Subject of 'atyavartata'.

अत्यवर्तत (atyavartata) - time passed by (passed, went by, elapsed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of ativṛt

imperfect middle

root vṛt (to turn, exist) + upasarga ati; middle voice, 3rd person singular, imperfect tense

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The prefix 'ati' denotes 'over' or 'exceeding'.