वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-114, verse-17

प्रगृह्य खड्गं चिच्छेद कर्णनासे महाबलः ।
ततस्तेनार्दिता बाला रावणं समुपागता ॥१७॥

17. pragṛhya khaḍgaṃ ciccheda karṇanāse mahābalaḥ ,
tatastenārditā bālā rāvaṇaṃ samupāgatā.

17. pragṛhya khaḍgam ciccheda karṇanāse mahābalaḥ
tataḥ tena arditā bālā rāvaṇam samupāgatā

17. mahābalaḥ khaḍgam pragṛhya karṇanāse ciccheda
tataḥ tena arditā bālā rāvaṇam samupāgatā

17. Seizing his sword, the greatly powerful one cut off her ears and nose. Then, tormented by him, the girl approached Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - seizing (having seized, having grasped)

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - his sword (sword)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off (cut, split, divided)

• कर्णनासे (karṇanāse) - her ears and nose (ears and nose)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the greatly powerful one (Lakṣmaṇa) (of great strength, very powerful)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Lakṣmaṇa) (by him, by that)

• अर्दिता (arditā) - tormented (afflicted, tormented, distressed)

• बाला (bālā) - the girl (Śūrpaṇakhā) (young woman, girl, female child)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa)

• समुपागता (samupāgatā) - approached (approached, came to, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - seizing (having seized, having grasped)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

derived from pra-√grah (to seize, grasp)

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Modifies the action of cutting.

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - his sword (sword)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, rhinoceros

Note: Object of 'pragṛhya'.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off (cut, split, divided)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect

3rd person singular, Perfect, active voice (reduplicated aorist)

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Main action verb performed by Lakṣmaṇa.

कर्णनासे (karṇanāse) - her ears and nose (ears and nose)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of karṇanāsā

karṇanāsā - ears and nose (dual)

Compound type : dvandva (karṇa+nāsā)

• karṇa – ear, helm
  noun (masculine)
• nāsā – nose
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the greatly powerful one (Lakṣmaṇa) (of great strength, very powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject, Lakṣmaṇa.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb indicating sequence of events.

तेन (tena) - by him (Lakṣmaṇa) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agent of the participle 'arditā'.

अर्दिता (arditā) - tormented (afflicted, tormented, distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ardita

ardita - afflicted, tormented, hurt

Past Passive Participle

derived from √ard (to hurt, pain)

Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bālā'.

बाला (bālā) - the girl (Śūrpaṇakhā) (young woman, girl, female child)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bālā

bālā - girl, young woman, female child

Note: Subject of the participle 'samupāgatā'.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (king of Laṅkā, chief of rākṣasas)

Note: Object of motion for 'samupāgatā'.

समुपागता (samupāgatā) - approached (approached, came to, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samupāgata

samupāgata - approached, arrived, come to, reached

Past Passive Participle

derived from sam-upa-ā-√gam (to approach completely)

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bālā', acting as an active verb in context.