वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-114, verse-26

निवर्तमानः काकुत्स्थो
दृष्ट्वा गृध्रं प्रविव्यथे ॥२६॥

26. nivartamānaḥ kākutstho
dṛṣṭvā gṛdhraṃ pravivyathe.

26. nivartamānaḥ kākutsthaḥ
dṛṣṭvā gṛdhram pravivyathe

26. As Kakutstha's descendant, Rāma, was returning, he became greatly distressed upon seeing the vulture.

Words meanings summery:

• निवर्तमानः (nivartamānaḥ) - returning, turning back

• काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - descendant of Kakutstha; Rāma

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - the vulture Jaṭāyu (the vulture)

• प्रविव्यथे (pravivyathe) - was greatly distressed, became agitated

Words meanings and morphology

निवर्तमानः (nivartamānaḥ) - returning, turning back

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivartamāna

nivartamāna - returning, turning back, ceasing

Present Active Participle

From verb root vṛt (to turn, to be) with upasarga ni, in the middle voice, present participle.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective qualifying Rāma, implying 'while he was returning'.

काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - descendant of Kakutstha; Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha, a name for Rāma

From Kakutstha, a king of the Ikṣvāku dynasty, referring to Rāma.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root dṛś (to see) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - the vulture Jaṭāyu (the vulture)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture

प्रविव्यथे (pravivyathe) - was greatly distressed, became agitated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of vyath

Perfect Tense

From root vyath (to be agitated) with upasarga pra, in the perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: pra

Root: vyath (class 1)