महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-63, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्प्रवक्ष्यामि यथावृत्तं नराधिप ।
राज्ञा यदुक्तं भग्नेन तस्मिन्व्यसन आगते ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājanpravakṣyāmi yathāvṛttaṁ narādhipa ,
rājñā yaduktaṁ bhagnena tasminvyasana āgate.

3. saṃjayaḥ uvāca śṛṇu rājan pravakṣyāmi yathāvṛttaṃ
narādhipa rājñā yat uktaṃ bhagnena tasmin vyasane āgate

3. saṃjayaḥ uvāca rājan,
narādhipa,
śṛṇu! tasmin vyasane āgate,
bhagnena rājñā yat uktaṃ,
[tat] yathāvṛttaṃ pravakṣyāmi.

3. Saṃjaya said: 'O King, O Lord of Men, listen! I will recount exactly what was said by the defeated king when that great calamity had occurred.'

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will narrate

• यथावृत्तं (yathāvṛttaṁ) - as it happened, the true state of affairs

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• उक्तं (uktaṁ) - said, spoken

• भग्नेन (bhagnena) - by the broken, by the defeated

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• व्यसने (vyasane) - in the misfortune, in the calamity

• आगते (āgate) - having come, having occurred, on the arrival of

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative 2nd person singular active voice.

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will narrate

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pravac

Future tense 1st person singular active voice. Root √vac with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

यथावृत्तं (yathāvṛttaṁ) - as it happened, the true state of affairs

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as, according to) and vṛtta (happened, occurred).

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

उक्तं (uktaṁ) - said, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac 'to speak'. The initial 'v' becomes 'u'.

Root: vac (class 2)

भग्नेन (bhagnena) - by the broken, by the defeated

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, defeated, shattered, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhañj 'to break'.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

व्यसने (vyasane) - in the misfortune, in the calamity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, vice

आगते (āgate) - having come, having occurred, on the arrival of

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, occurred

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gam with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)