महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-63, verse-27

सुप्तं वाथ प्रमत्तं वा यथा हन्याद्विषेण वा ।
एवं व्युत्क्रान्तधर्मेण व्युत्क्रम्य समयं हतः ॥२७॥

27. suptaṁ vātha pramattaṁ vā yathā hanyādviṣeṇa vā ,
evaṁ vyutkrāntadharmeṇa vyutkramya samayaṁ hataḥ.

27. suptam vā atha pramattam vā yathā hanyāt viṣeṇa vā
evam vyutkrāntadharmeṇa vyutkramya samayam hataḥ

27. yathā suptam vā pramattam vā,
viṣeṇa vā (kaścit) hanyāt,
evam vyutkrāntadharmeṇa (puruṣeṇa) samayam vyutkramya (aham) hataḥ.

27. Just as one might kill someone who is sleeping, or careless, or with poison, so too have I been killed by one who transgressed the natural law (dharma), having violated the agreement.

Words meanings summery:

• सुप्तम् (suptam) - sleeping, asleep

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अथ (atha) - then, moreover, now

• प्रमत्तम् (pramattam) - careless, negligent, heedless, intoxicated

• वा (vā) - or, either

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - one might kill, one should kill

• विषेण (viṣeṇa) - with poison, by means of poison

• वा (vā) - or, either

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• व्युत्क्रान्तधर्मेण (vyutkrāntadharmeṇa) - by one who has transgressed natural law (dharma), by one who has violated their duty

• व्युत्क्रम्य (vyutkramya) - having transgressed, having violated, having overstepped

• समयम् (samayam) - agreement (code of conduct in war) (agreement, compact, covenant, proper time, sacred obligation)

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck

Words meanings and morphology

सुप्तम् (suptam) - sleeping, asleep

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of supta

supta - sleeping, asleep, dormant

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'svap' (to sleep).

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Object of 'hanyāt'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, moreover, now

(indeclinable)

प्रमत्तम् (pramattam) - careless, negligent, heedless, intoxicated

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pramatta

pramatta - careless, negligent, heedless, intoxicated, mad

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'mad' (to be intoxicated, rejoice) with the prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'hanyāt'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - one might kill, one should kill

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

विषेण (viṣeṇa) - with poison, by means of poison

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of viṣa

viṣa - poison, venom

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

व्युत्क्रान्तधर्मेण (vyutkrāntadharmeṇa) - by one who has transgressed natural law (dharma), by one who has violated their duty

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vyutkrāntadharma

vyutkrāntadharma - one by whom natural law (dharma) is transgressed, one who has violated duty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyutkrānta+dharma)

• vyutkrānta – transgressed, overstepped, stepped out of bounds
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'kram' (to step) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ut'.
  Prefixes: vi+ut
  Root: kram (class 1)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)

व्युत्क्रम्य (vyutkramya) - having transgressed, having violated, having overstepped

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from the root 'kram' (to step) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ut'.

Prefixes: vi+ut

Root: kram (class 1)

समयम् (samayam) - agreement (code of conduct in war) (agreement, compact, covenant, proper time, sacred obligation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - agreement, compact, convention, time, season, sacred obligation, religious practice

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)