महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-6

बाणभूतामपश्याम पृथिवीं पृथिवीपते ।
दुर्योधनेन प्रकृतां क्षिप्रहस्तेन धन्विना ॥६॥

6. bāṇabhūtāmapaśyāma pṛthivīṁ pṛthivīpate ,
duryodhanena prakṛtāṁ kṣiprahastena dhanvinā.

6. bāṇabhūtām apaśyāma pṛthivīm pṛthivīpate |
duryodhanena prakṛtām kṣiprahastena dhanvinā

6. पृथिवीपते,
क्षिप्रहस्तेन धन्विना दुर्योधनेन प्रकृतां बाणभूताम् पृथिवीम् अपश्याम ।

6. O lord of the earth, we saw the earth become transformed into (a field of) arrows, an effect created by Duryodhana, the swift-handed archer.

Words meanings summery:

• बाणभूताम् (bāṇabhūtām) - become (a field of) arrows, transformed into arrows

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

• पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O lord of the earth)

• दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

• प्रकृताम् (prakṛtām) - made, created, produced

• क्षिप्रहस्तेन (kṣiprahastena) - by the swift-handed one

• धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer

Words meanings and morphology

बाणभूताम् (bāṇabhūtām) - become (a field of) arrows, transformed into arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bāṇabhūta

bāṇabhūta - become arrows, consisting of arrows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāṇa+bhūta)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bāṇ
• bhūta – become, been, existing
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū 'to be, become'
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Describes 'pṛthivīm'.

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect active 1st plural

Augment 'a' + root 'dṛś' (paśya in present) + ending for 1st plural

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Sanjaya is narrating.

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

Root: pṛth

Note: Object of 'apaśyāma'.

पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O lord of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  Root: pṛth
• pati – lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

Root: yudh

Note: Agent of 'prakṛtām'.

प्रकृताम् (prakṛtām) - made, created, produced

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛta

prakṛta - made, done, created

Past Passive Participle

From pra + kṛ 'to do, make'

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Describes 'pṛthivīm'.

क्षिप्रहस्तेन (kṣiprahastena) - by the swift-handed one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣiprahasta

kṣiprahasta - swift-handed, quick-handed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣipra+hasta)

• kṣipra – swift, quick, agile
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: kṣip (class 6)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)
  Root: has

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.

धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, bowman

From 'dhanus' (bow) with suffix '-in'

Root: dhan

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.