महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-4

यं यं हि समरे योधं प्रपश्यामि विशां पते ।
स स बाणैश्चितोऽभूद्वै पुत्रेण तव भारत ॥४॥

4. yaṁ yaṁ hi samare yodhaṁ prapaśyāmi viśāṁ pate ,
sa sa bāṇaiścito'bhūdvai putreṇa tava bhārata.

4. yam yam hi samare yodham prapaśyāmi viśām pate |
sa sa bāṇaiḥ citaḥ abhūt vai putreṇa tava bhārata

4. विशां पते भारत,
समरे हि यं यं योधं प्रपश्यामि,
स सः तव पुत्रेण बाणैः चितः वै अभूत् ।

4. O lord of men, O Bharata, whichever warrior I indeed saw in that battle, that very warrior became covered with arrows by your son.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• योधम् (yodham) - warrior, fighter

• प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects, of people

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• स (sa) - that very one (he, that)

• स (sa) - that very one (he, that)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• चितः (citaḥ) - covered, piled up

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (Duryodhana) (by the son)

• तव (tava) - your

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'whichever'.

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'whichever'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

Root: smṛ

योधम् (yodham) - warrior, fighter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

From root yudh 'to fight'

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prapaśyāmi'.

प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of paś

Present active 1st singular

Formed with upasarga 'pra' + root 'dṛś' (which becomes 'paśya' in present tense)

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Sanjaya is the speaker.

विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects, of people

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, men, settlement

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Used in compounds like 'viśāmpati' meaning 'lord of men'.

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Vocative singular of pati

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

स (sa) - that very one (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Correlates with 'yam yam'.

स (sa) - that very one (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Correlates with 'yam yam'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Root: bāṇ

Note: Agent of 'covered'.

चितः (citaḥ) - covered, piled up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cita

cita - covered, piled up, arranged

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ci' (to collect, pile)

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Describes the warrior.

अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist active 3rd singular

Augment 'a' + root 'bhū' (aorist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (Duryodhana) (by the son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Refers to Duryodhana, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Genitive singular of 'you'

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India

Root: bhṛ

Note: A customary address for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.