महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-27

तौ तत्र समरे वीरौ कुलपुत्रौ महारथौ ।
योधयन्तावपश्येतां परस्परकृतागसौ ॥२७॥

27. tau tatra samare vīrau kulaputrau mahārathau ,
yodhayantāvapaśyetāṁ parasparakṛtāgasau.

27. tau tatra samare vīrau kulaputrau mahārathau
yodhayantau apaśyetām parasparakṛtāgasau

27. tatra samare vīrau kulaputrau mahārathau
parasparakṛtāgasau tau yodhayantau apaśyetām

27. There in the battle, those two heroic sons of noble families, great warriors who had wronged each other, saw each other fighting.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two, them (dual)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, then

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, heroic

• कुलपुत्रौ (kulaputrau) - two sons of noble family, two noble scions

• महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great warriors, two commanders of many chariots

• योधयन्तौ (yodhayantau) - fighting, engaged in combat (dual)

• अपश्येताम् (apaśyetām) - they saw, they beheld

• परस्परकृतागसौ (parasparakṛtāgasau) - who had wronged each other, who had committed offenses against each other (dual)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two, them (dual)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: From 'tad', masculine nominative dual, referring to the two fighters.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, then

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant

Note: Nominative dual, masculine, qualifying 'tau'.

कुलपुत्रौ (kulaputrau) - two sons of noble family, two noble scions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kulaputra

kulaputra - son of a good family, noble youth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+putra)

• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative dual, masculine, referring to the two fighters.

महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great warriors, two commanders of many chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, commander of a large chariot division

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative dual, masculine, qualifying 'tau'.

योधयन्तौ (yodhayantau) - fighting, engaged in combat (dual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yodhayat

yodhayat - fighting, causing to fight

Present Active Participle

From causative stem of √yudh (to fight), with present participle suffix -at.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Nominative dual masculine, modifying 'tau'.

अपश्येताम् (apaśyetām) - they saw, they beheld

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect tense, 3rd dual, active voice, from √dṛś (often uses √paś in present/imperfect)

Root 'dṛś' (class 1, 4), uses 'paś' for present/imperfect stem. Here, 'a-paś-y-e-tām'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

परस्परकृतागसौ (parasparakṛtāgasau) - who had wronged each other, who had committed offenses against each other (dual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of parasparakṛtāgasa

parasparakṛtāgasa - having committed offenses against each other

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (paraspara+kṛta+āgas)

• paraspara – mutual, reciprocal, each other
  pronoun
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• āgas – offense, sin, crime, fault
  noun (neuter)

Note: Nominative dual masculine, modifying 'tau'.