महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-20

तावुभौ क्रूरकर्माणावुभौ भारत दुःसहौ ।
घोररूपमयुध्येतां कृतप्रतिकृतैषिणौ ।
त्रासयन्तौ जगत्सर्वं ज्याक्षेपविहतत्वचौ ॥२०॥

20. tāvubhau krūrakarmāṇāvubhau bhārata duḥsahau ,
ghorarūpamayudhyetāṁ kṛtapratikṛtaiṣiṇau ,
trāsayantau jagatsarvaṁ jyākṣepavihatatvacau.

20. tau ubhau krūrakarmāṇau ubhau
bhārata duḥsahau ghorarūpam ayudhyetām
kṛtapratikṛtaiṣiṇau trāsayantau
jagat sarvam jyākṣepavihatatvacau

20. bhārata tau ubhau krūrakarmāṇau
ubhau duḥsahau kṛtapratikṛtaiṣiṇau
jyākṣepavihatatvacau sarvam jagat
trāsayantau ghorarūpam ayudhyetām

20. O descendant of Bharata, those two, both performing fierce deeds and both irresistible, fought terribly, seeking retaliation, and terrifying the entire world with their skin scarred by the friction of their bowstrings.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - (Bhimasena and Droṇaputra) (those two)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• क्रूरकर्माणौ (krūrakarmāṇau) - those whose actions are cruel, fierce in action

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• भारत (bhārata) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Bharata)

• दुःसहौ (duḥsahau) - hard to bear, irresistible

• घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - in a dreadful manner (dreadfully, terribly (as an adverb))

• अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - they two fought

• कृतप्रतिकृतैषिणौ (kṛtapratikṛtaiṣiṇau) - desiring action and counter-action, seeking retaliation

• त्रासयन्तौ (trāsayantau) - terrifying, causing fear

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• ज्याक्षेपविहतत्वचौ (jyākṣepavihatatvacau) - whose skin was damaged/torn by the friction of the bowstring

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - (Bhimasena and Droṇaputra) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms 'tau' in masculine nominative dual.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Masculine nominative dual.

क्रूरकर्माणौ (krūrakarmāṇau) - those whose actions are cruel, fierce in action

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of krūrakarman

krūrakarman - one whose actions are cruel, fierce-doer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (krūra+karman)

• krūra – cruel, fierce, harsh
  adjective
• karman – action, deed, work (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective for the dual subject.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Masculine nominative dual.

भारत (bhārata) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India (Bhārata)

दुःसहौ (duḥsahau) - hard to bear, irresistible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of duḥsaha

duḥsaha - hard to bear, difficult to endure, irresistible

Derived from prefix dus- (difficult) and root sah (to bear).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+saha)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• saha – bearing, enduring, capable
  adjective
  From root sah (to bear).
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Adjective for the dual subject.

घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - in a dreadful manner (dreadfully, terribly (as an adverb))

(indeclinable)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, awful
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here.

अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - they two fought

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect, 3rd person dual, middle voice.

Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person dual, middle (ātmanepada) voice. Root yudh.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: The 'a' is the augment for past tense.

कृतप्रतिकृतैषिणौ (kṛtapratikṛtaiṣiṇau) - desiring action and counter-action, seeking retaliation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kṛtapratikṛtaiṣin

kṛtapratikṛtaiṣin - desiring action and counter-action; desirous of retaliation

Compound adjective, formed from kṛtapratikṛta (action and counter-action) and eṣin (desiring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛtapratikṛta+eṣin)

• kṛtapratikṛta – action and counter-action
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of kṛta (done) and pratikṛta (counter-done).
• eṣin – desiring, wishing, seeking
  adjective
  Derived from root iṣ (to wish, desire) with suffix -in.
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Adjective for the dual subject.

त्रासयन्तौ (trāsayantau) - terrifying, causing fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of trāsayat

trāsayat - terrifying, causing fear

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Present active participle from causative of root trās (to fear).

Root: trās (class 1)

Note: Adjective for the dual subject.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, all that moves

Root: gam (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Adjective for 'jagat'.

ज्याक्षेपविहतत्वचौ (jyākṣepavihatatvacau) - whose skin was damaged/torn by the friction of the bowstring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of jyākṣepavihatatvac

jyākṣepavihatatvac - one whose skin is torn by the friction of the bowstring

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jyākṣepa+vihata+tvac)

• jyākṣepa – throwing/friction of the bowstring
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of jyā (bowstring) and ākṣepa (throwing, friction).
• vihata – damaged, torn, struck
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, injure) with prefix vi and suffix -ta.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: han (class 2)
• tvac – skin, hide
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective for the dual subject.