महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-40

रथनेमिसमुद्भूतं निःश्वासैश्चापि दन्तिनाम् ।
रजः संध्याभ्रकपिलं दिवाकरपथं ययौ ॥४०॥

40. rathanemisamudbhūtaṁ niḥśvāsaiścāpi dantinām ,
rajaḥ saṁdhyābhrakapilaṁ divākarapathaṁ yayau.

40. ratha-nemi-samudbhūtam niḥśvāsaiḥ ca api dantinām
rajaḥ saṃdhyā-abhra-kapilam divākara-patham yayau

40. dantinām niḥśvāsaiḥ ca api ratha-nemi-samudbhūtam
saṃdhyā-abhra-kapilam rajaḥ divākara-patham yayau

40. Also, the dust, churned up by the chariot wheels and the breaths of the elephants, reddish-brown like twilight clouds, ascended to the path of the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• रथ-नेमि-समुद्भूतम् (ratha-nemi-samudbhūtam) - arisen from chariot wheels, produced by chariot wheels

• निःश्वासैः (niḥśvāsaiḥ) - by breaths, by exhalations

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• दन्तिनाम् (dantinām) - of the elephants, belonging to elephants

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust

• संध्या-अभ्र-कपिलम् (saṁdhyā-abhra-kapilam) - reddish-brown like twilight clouds

• दिवाकर-पथम् (divākara-patham) - the path of the sun

• ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded, ascended

Words meanings and morphology

रथ-नेमि-समुद्भूतम् (ratha-nemi-samudbhūtam) - arisen from chariot wheels, produced by chariot wheels

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ratha-nemi-samudbhūta

ratha-nemi-samudbhūta - arisen from chariot wheels

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'ratha' (chariot), 'nemi' (wheel-rim), and 'samudbhūta' (arisen, produced). 'samudbhūta' is derived from root 'bhū' (to be, to arise) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ud'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+nemi+samudbhūta)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• nemi – wheel-rim, circumference
  noun (feminine)
• samudbhūta – arisen, produced, manifested
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'bhū' (to be, to arise) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ud'.
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rajaḥ'.

निःश्वासैः (niḥśvāsaiḥ) - by breaths, by exhalations

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niḥśvāsa

niḥśvāsa - breath, exhalation

Derived from root 'śvas' (to breathe) with prefix 'niḥ'.

Prefix: niḥ

Root: śvas (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

दन्तिनाम् (dantinām) - of the elephants, belonging to elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dantin

dantin - elephant (lit. 'having teeth/tusks')

Derived from 'danta' (tooth/tusk) with possessive suffix '-in'.

Note: Refers to the breaths of the elephants.

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, gloom, passion

संध्या-अभ्र-कपिलम् (saṁdhyā-abhra-kapilam) - reddish-brown like twilight clouds

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃdhyā-abhra-kapila

saṁdhyā-abhra-kapila - reddish-brown like evening clouds

Compound of 'saṃdhyā' (twilight), 'abhra' (cloud), and 'kapila' (reddish-brown, tawny).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi / tatpuruṣa (saṃdhyā+abhra+kapila)

• saṃdhyā – twilight, evening, junction (of day and night)
  noun (feminine)
  From 'sam-dhā' (to join together).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• abhra – cloud, sky
  noun (neuter)
• kapila – reddish-brown, tawny, an epithet of Śiva or Viṣṇu, name of a sage
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'rajaḥ'.

दिवाकर-पथम् (divākara-patham) - the path of the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divākara-patha

divākara-patha - path of the sun, sky

Compound of 'divākara' (sun, lit. 'day-maker') and 'patha' (path).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divākara+patha)

• divākara – sun (lit. 'day-maker')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'divā' (by day) and 'kara' (maker).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• patha – path, road, course
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'yayau'.

ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded, ascended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect Active

Root 'yā', 3rd person singular, perfect tense (liṭ).

Root: yā (class 2)