महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-29

दुर्योधनो धनुश्छित्त्वा धृष्टद्युम्नस्य संयुगे ।
अथैनं छिन्नधन्वानं विव्याध निशितैः शरैः ॥२९॥

29. duryodhano dhanuśchittvā dhṛṣṭadyumnasya saṁyuge ,
athainaṁ chinnadhanvānaṁ vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

29. duryodhanaḥ dhanuḥ chittvā dhṛṣṭadyumnasya saṃyuge
atha enam chinnadhanvānam vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

29. saṃyuge duryodhanaḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnasya dhanuḥ chittvā
atha chinnadhanvānam enam niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha

29. Duryodhana, having cut Dṛṣṭadyumna's bow in battle, then pierced him, who had a broken bow, with sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest son of Dhritarashtra, the principal antagonist in the Mahabharata. (Duryodhana (proper name))

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna's bow. (bow)

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, after cutting

• धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - Dṛṣṭadyumna, son of Drupada, commander of the Pandava army. (of Dṛṣṭadyumna)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• एनम् (enam) - Refers to Dṛṣṭadyumna. (him, this one)

• छिन्नधन्वानम् (chinnadhanvānam) - Refers to Dṛṣṭadyumna after his bow was cut. (having a broken bow, whose bow was cut)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest son of Dhritarashtra, the principal antagonist in the Mahabharata. (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, lit. 'hard to fight' or 'bad fighter')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From √yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna's bow. (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Object of the gerund 'chittvā'.

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, after cutting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √chid (class 7), with the absolutive suffix -tvā.

Root: chid (class 7)

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - Dṛṣṭadyumna, son of Drupada, commander of the Pandava army. (of Dṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dṛṣṭadyumna (proper name, lit. 'bold splendor')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious, brave
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhṛṣ (to be bold)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – splendor, glory, wealth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Possessive, indicating ownership of the bow.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction indicating sequence.

एनम् (enam) - Refers to Dṛṣṭadyumna. (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that (demonstrative pronoun)

छिन्नधन्वानम् (chinnadhanvānam) - Refers to Dṛṣṭadyumna after his bow was cut. (having a broken bow, whose bow was cut)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of chinnadhanvan

chinnadhanvan - having a broken bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – cut, broken, severed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √chid (to cut, sever)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'enam'.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyādh

Perfect tense, 3rd singular, active voice

From √vyadh (class 4), perfect 3rd singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

From √śo (to sharpen), with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of piercing.