महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-9, chapter-21, verse-3
न च सोऽस्ति पुमान्कश्चित्पाण्डवानां महाहवे ।
हयो गजो रथो वापि योऽस्य बाणैरविक्षतः ॥३॥
हयो गजो रथो वापि योऽस्य बाणैरविक्षतः ॥३॥
3. na ca so'sti pumānkaścitpāṇḍavānāṁ mahāhave ,
hayo gajo ratho vāpi yo'sya bāṇairavikṣataḥ.
hayo gajo ratho vāpi yo'sya bāṇairavikṣataḥ.
3.
na ca saḥ asti pumān kaścit pāṇḍavānām mahāhave |
hayaḥ gajaḥ rathaḥ vā api yaḥ asya bāṇaiḥ avikṣataḥ
hayaḥ gajaḥ rathaḥ vā api yaḥ asya bāṇaiḥ avikṣataḥ
3.
महाहवे पाण्डavānām कश्चित् पुमान् न अस्ति; च हयः,
गजः,
रथः वा अपि (न अस्ति),
यः अस्य बाणैः अविक्षतः (आसीत्) ।
गजः,
रथः वा अपि (न अस्ति),
यः अस्य बाणैः अविक्षतः (आसीत्) ।
3.
In that great battle, there was no man among the Pandavas, nor any horse, elephant, or chariot, that remained uninjured by Duryodhana's arrows.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- च (ca) - and, also
- सः (saḥ) - such a one (he, that (masculine singular))
- अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
- पुमान् (pumān) - man, male person
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, any
- पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas
- महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle
- हयः (hayaḥ) - horse
- गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant
- रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot
- वा (vā) - or
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- अस्य (asya) - of Duryodhana, by Duryodhana (of him, by him)
- बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows
- अविक्षतः (avikṣataḥ) - unwounded, uninjured
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - such a one (he, that (masculine singular))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, such
अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as
Present active 3rd singular
Root: as (class 2)
पुमान् (pumān) - man, male person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pums
pums - man, male
कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, any
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid
kaścid - anyone, someone, any
Formed from kim + cit
पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava
pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu
महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava
mahāhava - great battle
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+hava)
- mahā – great, large
adjective (feminine) - hava – battle, war
noun (masculine)
Root: hu (class 1)
हयः (hayaḥ) - horse
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of haya
haya - horse
गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gaja
gaja - elephant
रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha
ratha - chariot
Root: ram
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
Note: Used here for emphasis with 'vā'.
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Relative pronoun
Note: Relates to 'pumān', 'hayaḥ', 'gajaḥ', 'rathaḥ'.
अस्य (asya) - of Duryodhana, by Duryodhana (of him, by him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he
Note: Refers to Duryodhana (as 'your son' to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the next verse).
बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa
bāṇa - arrow
Root: bāṇ
अविक्षतः (avikṣataḥ) - unwounded, uninjured
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avikṣata
avikṣata - unwounded, uninjured
Past Passive Participle
Formed with 'a' (negation) + vi + kṣat (past participle of kṣan 'to injure')
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vikṣata)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
negation prefix - vikṣata – wounded, injured
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From vi-kṣaṇ
Prefix: vi
Root: kṣaṇ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies 'pumān', 'hayaḥ', 'gajaḥ', 'rathaḥ'.