महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-19

भीमसेनं रणे क्रुद्धं द्रोणपुत्रो न्यवारयत् ।
ततो बाणैर्महाराज प्रमुक्तैः सर्वतोदिशम् ।
नाज्ञायन्त रणे वीरा न दिशः प्रदिशस्तथा ॥१९॥

19. bhīmasenaṁ raṇe kruddhaṁ droṇaputro nyavārayat ,
tato bāṇairmahārāja pramuktaiḥ sarvatodiśam ,
nājñāyanta raṇe vīrā na diśaḥ pradiśastathā.

19. bhīmasenam raṇe kruddham droṇaputraḥ
nyavārayat tataḥ bāṇaiḥ mahārāja
pramuktaiḥ sarvatodiśam na ajñāyanta
raṇe vīrāḥ na diśaḥ pradiśaḥ tathā

19. droṇaputraḥ raṇe kruddham bhīmasenam
nyavārayat mahārāja tataḥ sarvatodiśam
pramuktaiḥ bāṇaiḥ raṇe vīrāḥ
na ajñāyanta na diśaḥ pradiśaḥ tathā

19. Droṇa's son restrained the enraged Bhimasena in battle. Then, O great king, due to the arrows released in all directions, neither the heroes in battle nor the main and intermediate directions could be distinguished.

Words meanings summery:

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged, angry

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Drona)

• न्यवारयत् (nyavārayat) - restrained, stopped, warded off

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

• प्रमुक्तैः (pramuktaiḥ) - (by the arrows) that were released (by those released, discharged)

• सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions

• न (na) - not, no

• अज्ञायन्त (ajñāyanta) - could not be distinguished (they were not known, they were not discerned)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

• न (na) - not, no

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - cardinal directions (directions, quarters)

• प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

Words meanings and morphology

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pāṇḍava hero)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kudh (to be angry) with suffix -ta (kta)

Root: kudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying Bhimasena.

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Drona, Aśvatthāmā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Drona (name of a revered teacher)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

न्यवारयत् (nyavārayat) - restrained, stopped, warded off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of nivāray

Causative of ni-vṛ

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root vṛ (to cover, choose) with prefix ni and causative suffix -aya.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: The 'ya' is part of the causative suffix.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

Avyaya (indeclinable)

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

महाराज (mahārāja) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

प्रमुक्तैः (pramuktaiḥ) - (by the arrows) that were released (by those released, discharged)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pramukta

pramukta - released, discharged, set free

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root muc (to release) with prefix pra and suffix -ta (kta)

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying 'bāṇaiḥ'.

सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions

(indeclinable)

Compound adverb, derived from sarvatas (from all sides) and diś (direction).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sarvatas+diś)

• sarvatas – from all sides, everywhere
  indeclinable
• diś – direction, quarter
  noun (feminine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Avyaya (indeclinable)

अज्ञायन्त (ajñāyanta) - could not be distinguished (they were not known, they were not discerned)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect past (laṅ) of jñā

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, passive voice. From root jñā (to know) with augment a- and passive suffix -ya.

Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person plural, passive voice. Root jñā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The 'a' prefix is the augment for past tense.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Avyaya (indeclinable)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - cardinal directions (directions, quarters)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pradiś

pradiś - intermediate direction, quarter, region

Prefix: pra

Root: diś (class 6)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

Avyaya (indeclinable)