महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-5

यथा सैन्येन रजसा समुद्धूतेन वाहिनी ।
प्रत्यदृश्यत संछन्ना तथा बाणैर्महात्मनः ॥५॥

5. yathā sainyena rajasā samuddhūtena vāhinī ,
pratyadṛśyata saṁchannā tathā bāṇairmahātmanaḥ.

5. yathā sainyena rajasā samuddhūtena vāhinī |
pratyadṛśyata saṃchannā tathā bāṇaiḥ mahātmanaḥ

5. यथा वाहिनी समुद्धूतेन सैन्येन रजसा संछन्ना प्रत्यदृश्यत,
तथा (सा) महात्मनः बाणैः (संछन्ना) प्रत्यदृश्यत ।

5. Just as a host (of soldiers) became completely obscured by the dust raised by the army, so too was it thoroughly covered by the arrows of the great-souled one (Duryodhana).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which manner

• सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, by the host

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, by dirt

• समुद्धूतेन (samuddhūtena) - completely raised, stirred up

• वाहिनी (vāhinī) - host, army, current

• प्रत्यदृश्यत (pratyadṛśyata) - appeared, was seen

• संछन्ना (saṁchannā) - completely covered, hidden

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of Duryodhana (of the great-souled one, of the noble one)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, by the host

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Root: senā

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, by dirt

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, pollen

Root: rañj

समुद्धूतेन (samuddhūtena) - completely raised, stirred up

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of samuddhūta

samuddhūta - completely raised, stirred up, tossed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from sam + ud + dhū 'to shake, stir'

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: dhū (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'rajasā'.

वाहिनी (vāhinī) - host, army, current

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāhinī

vāhinī - army, host, river, stream

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pratyadṛśyata'.

प्रत्यदृश्यत (pratyadṛśyata) - appeared, was seen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect passive 3rd singular

Formed from prati + adṛśyata (imperfect passive of dṛś)

Prefix: prati

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The subject (vāhinī) appeared (was seen).

संछन्ना (saṁchannā) - completely covered, hidden

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃchanna

saṁchanna - completely covered, hidden, veiled

Past Passive Participle

From sam + chad 'to cover'

Prefix: sam

Root: chad (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'vāhinī'.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Root: bāṇ

Note: Means of covering.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of Duryodhana (of the great-souled one, of the noble one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana, as indicated by the subsequent verse.