महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-36

नराश्चैव नरैः सार्धं दन्तिनो दन्तिभिस्तथा ।
हया हयैः समासक्ता रथिनो रथिभिस्तथा ।
संकुलं चाभवद्भूयो घोररूपं विशां पते ॥३६॥

36. narāścaiva naraiḥ sārdhaṁ dantino dantibhistathā ,
hayā hayaiḥ samāsaktā rathino rathibhistathā ,
saṁkulaṁ cābhavadbhūyo ghorarūpaṁ viśāṁ pate.

36. narāḥ ca eva naraiḥ sārdham dantinaḥ
dantibhiḥ tathā hayāḥ hayaiḥ samāsaktāḥ
rathinaḥ rathibhiḥ tathā saṃkulam
ca abhavat bhūyaḥ ghorarūpam viśām pate

36. viśām pate,
narāḥ ca eva naraiḥ sārdham,
tathā dantinaḥ dantibhiḥ,
hayāḥ hayaiḥ samāsaktāḥ,
tathā rathinaḥ rathibhiḥ (yuyudhuḥ).
ca (tat) bhūyaḥ saṃkulam ghorarūpam abhavat.

36. And men fought with men, elephants with elephants, likewise horses were intensely engaged with horses, and charioteers with charioteers. And, O lord of the people, the battlefield became exceedingly crowded and took on a dreadful form.

Words meanings summery:

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, males, humans

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• नरैः (naraiḥ) - by men, with men

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

• दन्तिनः (dantinaḥ) - elephants, those with tusks

• दन्तिभिः (dantibhiḥ) - by elephants, with elephants

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, in that manner

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

• समासक्ताः (samāsaktāḥ) - intensely engaged in battle (intensely engaged, firmly attached, engrossed)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, those having chariots

• रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by charioteers, with charioteers

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, in that manner

• संकुलम् (saṁkulam) - exceedingly crowded (the battle/field) (crowded, confused, turbulent, dense)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more, again, exceedingly

• घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - dreadful in form, terrible-looking, monstrous

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

नराः (narāḥ) - men, males, humans

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, male, human being

Note: Subject of implied verb 'fought'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

नरैः (naraiḥ) - by men, with men

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, male, human being

Note: Used with 'sārdham'.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

दन्तिनः (dantinaḥ) - elephants, those with tusks

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dantin

dantin - having teeth or tusks, an elephant

Derived from danta (tusk/tooth) with possessive suffix -in.

Note: Subject of implied verb 'fought'.

दन्तिभिः (dantibhiḥ) - by elephants, with elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dantin

dantin - having teeth or tusks, an elephant

Derived from danta (tusk/tooth) with possessive suffix -in.

Note: Used with implied 'sārdham' or 'yuyudhuḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects similar actions or comparisons.

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Note: Subject of 'samāsaktāḥ'.

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Note: Used with 'samāsaktāḥ'.

समासक्ताः (samāsaktāḥ) - intensely engaged in battle (intensely engaged, firmly attached, engrossed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāsakta

samāsakta - attached to, devoted to, intensely engaged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sañj (to cling, attach) with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sañj (class 7)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, those having chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - having a chariot, a charioteer

Derived from ratha (chariot) with possessive suffix -in.

Note: Subject of implied verb 'fought'.

रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by charioteers, with charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - having a chariot, a charioteer

Derived from ratha (chariot) with possessive suffix -in.

Note: Used with implied 'sārdham' or 'yuyudhuḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects similar actions or comparisons.

संकुलम् (saṁkulam) - exceedingly crowded (the battle/field) (crowded, confused, turbulent, dense)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃkula

saṁkula - crowded, filled, confused, turbulent, dense

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (imperfect) (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

Root: bhū, Imperfect, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the state of the battle.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more, again, exceedingly

(indeclinable)

घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - dreadful in form, terrible-looking, monstrous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghorarūpa

ghorarūpa - having a dreadful form, terrible-looking

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

Note: Part of the compound 'viśāṃ pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Part of the vocative address 'viśāṃ pate'.