महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-41

रजसा तेन संपृक्ते भास्करे निष्प्रभीकृते ।
संछादिताभवद्भूमिस्ते च शूरा महारथाः ॥४१॥

41. rajasā tena saṁpṛkte bhāskare niṣprabhīkṛte ,
saṁchāditābhavadbhūmiste ca śūrā mahārathāḥ.

41. rajasā tena saṃpṛkte bhāskare niṣprabhīkṛte |
saṃchāditā abhavat bhūmiḥ te ca śūrāḥ mahā-rathāḥ

41. tena rajasā saṃpṛkte niṣprabhīkṛte bhāskare,
bhūmiḥ saṃchāditā abhavat,
ca te śūrāḥ mahā-rathāḥ (saṃchāditā abhavat)

41. With the sun, being covered by that dust, deprived of its brilliance, the earth became completely hidden, and those heroic great warriors (also became hidden).

Words meanings summery:

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust

• तेन (tena) - by that

• संपृक्ते (saṁpṛkte) - mixed with, covered, joined

• भास्करे (bhāskare) - in the sun, on the sun, with respect to the sun

• निष्प्रभीकृते (niṣprabhīkṛte) - made devoid of brilliance, deprived of luster

• संछादिता (saṁchāditā) - completely covered, hidden

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth, ground

• ते (te) - they, those

• च (ca) - and

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroic warriors

• महा-रथाः (mahā-rathāḥ) - great warriors, commanders of large chariots

Words meanings and morphology

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, gloom, passion

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with 'rajasā'.

संपृक्ते (saṁpṛkte) - mixed with, covered, joined

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃpṛkta

saṁpṛkta - mixed, joined, covered, touched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pṛc' (to mix, to join) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: pṛc (class 7)

Note: Locative absolute construction with 'bhāskare'.

भास्करे (bhāskare) - in the sun, on the sun, with respect to the sun

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun (lit. 'light-maker')

Compound of 'bhās' (light) and 'kara' (maker).

Compound type : upapada (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, luster, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhā (class 2)
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Locative absolute construction.

निष्प्रभीकृते (niṣprabhīkṛte) - made devoid of brilliance, deprived of luster

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of niṣprabhīkṛta

niṣprabhīkṛta - made lustreless, deprived of splendor

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'niṣprabha' (without light/luster) and 'kṛta' (made, done). 'niṣprabha' from 'nis' (without) and 'prabhā' (light).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niṣprabha+kṛta)

• niṣprabha – without light, lustreless
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'nis' (without) and 'prabhā' (light).
  Prefix: nis
• kṛta – done, made
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Locative absolute construction with 'bhāskare'.

संछादिता (saṁchāditā) - completely covered, hidden

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃchādita

saṁchādita - completely covered, concealed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'chad' (to cover) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūmiḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

Root 'bhū', 3rd person singular, imperfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the warriors.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, heroic warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave

महा-रथाः (mahā-rathāḥ) - great warriors, commanders of large chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahā-ratha

mahā-ratha - great warrior, commander of a great chariot (or 10,000 archers)

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ratha' (chariot/warrior on a chariot).

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (on a chariot)
  noun (masculine)