महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-21, verse-21

शकुनिस्तु रणे वीरो युधिष्ठिरमपीडयत् ।
तस्याश्वांश्चतुरो हत्वा सुबलस्य सुतो विभुः ।
नादं चकार बलवान्सर्वसैन्यानि कम्पयन् ॥२१॥

21. śakunistu raṇe vīro yudhiṣṭhiramapīḍayat ,
tasyāśvāṁścaturo hatvā subalasya suto vibhuḥ ,
nādaṁ cakāra balavānsarvasainyāni kampayan.

21. śakuniḥ tu raṇe vīraḥ yudhiṣṭhiram
apīḍayat tasya aśvān caturaḥ hatvā
subalasya sutaḥ vibhuḥ nādam cakāra
balavān sarvasainyāni kampayan

21. tu raṇe vīraḥ śakuniḥ yudhiṣṭhiram
apīḍayat subalasya sutaḥ vibhuḥ
balavān (saḥ) tasya caturaḥ aśvān hatvā
sarvasainyāni kampayan nādam cakāra

21. But the hero Shakuni harassed Yudhishthira in battle. The mighty son of Subala (Shakuni), after killing Yudhishthira's four horses, roared, making all the armies tremble.

Words meanings summery:

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - maternal uncle of Duryodhana. (Shakuni)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

• अपीडयत् (apīḍayat) - he harassed, afflicted, oppressed

• तस्य (tasya) - referring to Yudhishthira (his, of him)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck

• सुबलस्य (subalasya) - father of Shakuni. (of Subala)

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - Shakuni. (son)

• विभुः (vibhuḥ) - the powerful one (Shakuni). (powerful, mighty, lord, pervading)

• नादम् (nādam) - sound, roar

• चकार (cakāra) - he made, he did

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

• सर्वसैन्यानि (sarvasainyāni) - all armies

• कम्पयन् (kampayan) - causing to tremble, shaking

Words meanings and morphology

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - maternal uncle of Duryodhana. (Shakuni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of a Gandhara king, Duryodhana's maternal uncle)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

Avyaya (indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

अपीडयत् (apīḍayat) - he harassed, afflicted, oppressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of pīḍay

Causative of pīḍ

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root pīḍ (to oppress) with causative suffix -aya.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: The 'a' prefix is the augment for past tense.

तस्य (tasya) - referring to Yudhishthira (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(numeral)

Note: Adjective for 'aśvān'.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix -tvā.

Root: han (class 2)

सुबलस्य (subalasya) - father of Shakuni. (of Subala)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of subala

subala - Subala (name of the king of Gandhara and father of Shakuni)

सुतः (sutaḥ) - Shakuni. (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born

Past Passive Participle of root sū (to bear, produce), used as a noun.

Root: sū (class 2)

विभुः (vibhuḥ) - the powerful one (Shakuni). (powerful, mighty, lord, pervading)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - powerful, mighty, pervading, lord, master

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'sutaḥ'.

नादम् (nādam) - sound, roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāda

nāda - sound, roar, cry

Root: nad (class 1)

चकार (cakāra) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of kṛ

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Perfect (lit), 3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada). Root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: This is the reduplicated perfect form.

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive adjective from bala (strength) with suffix -vat.

Note: Adjective for 'sutaḥ'.

सर्वसैन्यानि (sarvasainyāni) - all armies

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - all armies, the entire army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every, entire, whole
  pronoun
• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)

कम्पयन् (kampayan) - causing to tremble, shaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kampayat

kampayat - causing to tremble, shaking

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Present active participle from causative of root kamp (to tremble).

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'sutaḥ'.