महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-7, verse-9

कार्मुकेणोपपन्नेन विमलादित्यवर्चसा ।
रथेनातिपताकेन सूतपुत्रो व्यदृश्यत ॥९॥

9. kārmukeṇopapannena vimalādityavarcasā ,
rathenātipatākena sūtaputro vyadṛśyata.

9. kārmukeṇa upapannena vimalādityavarcasā
rathena atipatākena sūtaputraḥ vyadṛśyata

9. sūtaputraḥ kārmukeṇa upapannena
vimalādityavarcasā atipatākena rathena vyadṛśyata

9. Karna, the son of the charioteer, became visible, equipped with his bow, radiant with the splendor of a spotless sun, and seated in a chariot bearing a mighty banner.

Words meanings summery:

• कार्मुकेण (kārmukeṇa) - by the bow, with the bow

• उपपन्नेन (upapannena) - equipped (with a bow) (equipped, endowed, possessed, having obtained)

• विमलादित्यवर्चसा (vimalādityavarcasā) - by the brilliance of a spotless sun, with the splendor of a pure sun

• रथेन (rathena) - by the chariot, with the chariot, in the chariot

• अतिपताकेन (atipatākena) - with a mighty banner, having a great flag

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna, the son of the charioteer (the son of a charioteer)

• व्यदृश्यत (vyadṛśyata) - was seen, appeared, became visible

Words meanings and morphology

कार्मुकेण (kārmukeṇa) - by the bow, with the bow

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow, made of the kārmuka tree

उपपन्नेन (upapannena) - equipped (with a bow) (equipped, endowed, possessed, having obtained)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upapanna

upapanna - furnished with, endowed with, possessed of, suitable, proper

Past Passive Participle

From verb root pad (to go) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with implied Karna.

विमलादित्यवर्चसा (vimalādityavarcasā) - by the brilliance of a spotless sun, with the splendor of a pure sun

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vimalādityavarcas

vimalādityavarcas - brilliance/splendor of a spotless sun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vimala+āditya+varcas)

• vimala – spotless, pure, clear, bright
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• varcas – splendor, brilliance, energy, virility
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial usage, or describes Karna (masculine form expected for adjective for Karna, but often a neuter noun in instrumental can function adjectivally or adverbially describing a quality).

रथेन (rathena) - by the chariot, with the chariot, in the chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

अतिपताकेन (atipatākena) - with a mighty banner, having a great flag

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of atipatāka

atipatāka - having a very large banner

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+patākā)

• ati – over, beyond, very, excessively
  indeclinable
• patākā – banner, flag, standard
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'rathena'.

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna, the son of the charioteer (the son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

व्यदृश्यत (vyadṛśyata) - was seen, appeared, became visible

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadṛśyata

Imperfect 3rd person singular middle voice

Prefix: vi

Root: dṛś (class 1)