महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-7, verse-14

व्यूहं व्यूह्य महेष्वासो माकरं शत्रुतापनः ।
प्रत्युद्ययौ तदा कर्णः पाण्डवान्विजिगीषया ॥१४॥

14. vyūhaṁ vyūhya maheṣvāso mākaraṁ śatrutāpanaḥ ,
pratyudyayau tadā karṇaḥ pāṇḍavānvijigīṣayā.

14. vyūham vyūhya mahā-īṣvāsaḥ mākaram śatru-tāpanaḥ
prati-ud-yayau tadā karṇaḥ pāṇḍavān vijigīṣayā

14. tadā mahā-īṣvāsaḥ śatru-tāpanaḥ karṇaḥ mākaram
vyūham vyūhya vijigīṣayā pāṇḍavān prati-ud-yayau

14. Then, Karna, the great archer and tormentor of foes, having arranged the Makara (crocodile) battle formation, advanced against the Pandavas with the desire for conquest.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यूहम् (vyūham) - battle array, formation

• व्यूह्य (vyūhya) - having arrayed, having formed, having arranged

• महा-ईष्वासः (mahā-īṣvāsaḥ) - great archer

• माकरम् (mākaram) - referring to the Makara battle formation (crocodile-shaped, relating to a crocodile (Makara))

• शत्रु-तापनः (śatru-tāpanaḥ) - tormentor of foes, oppressor of enemies

• प्रति-उद्-ययौ (prati-ud-yayau) - advanced towards, went forth against, approached

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

• विजिगीषया (vijigīṣayā) - with the desire for victory, wishing to conquer

Words meanings and morphology

व्यूहम् (vyūham) - battle array, formation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - battle array, formation, arrangement

From vi- + √ūh (to arrange)

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

व्यूह्य (vyūhya) - having arrayed, having formed, having arranged

(indeclinable participle)

महा-ईष्वासः (mahā-īṣvāsaḥ) - great archer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-īṣvāsa

mahā-īṣvāsa - great archer, wielder of a great bow

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+īṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• īṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

माकरम् (mākaram) - referring to the Makara battle formation (crocodile-shaped, relating to a crocodile (Makara))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mākara

mākara - relating to a Makara (mythical sea creature, often crocodile-like), crocodile-shaped

Derived from Makara (crocodile/mythical sea-monster) + aṇ (adjectival suffix)

Note: Modifies vyūham.

शत्रु-तापनः (śatru-tāpanaḥ) - tormentor of foes, oppressor of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru-tāpana

śatru-tāpana - tormentor of foes, oppressor of enemies

Compound type : Tatpurusha (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śad
• tāpana – heating, tormenting, causing pain
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Derived from causative of √tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

प्रति-उद्-ययौ (prati-ud-yayau) - advanced towards, went forth against, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of prati-ud-√i

Perfect

Derived from √i (to go) with upasargas prati and ud. yayau is the perfect form of √i.

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: i (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a prominent warrior in the Mahabharata)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu + a (patronymic suffix)

विजिगीषया (vijigīṣayā) - with the desire for victory, wishing to conquer

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vijigīṣā

vijigīṣā - desire for victory, desire to conquer

Desiderative nominal derivation

Derived from vi- + √ji (to conquer) with the desiderative suffix san, forming a feminine noun.

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)