महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-6, verse-30

अवस्थितं रणे ज्ञात्वा पाण्डवास्त्वां महारथम् ।
द्रविष्यन्ति सपाञ्चाला विष्णुं दृष्ट्वेव दानवाः ।
तस्मात्त्वं पुरुषव्याघ्र प्रकर्षेथा महाचमूम् ॥३०॥

30. avasthitaṁ raṇe jñātvā pāṇḍavāstvāṁ mahāratham ,
draviṣyanti sapāñcālā viṣṇuṁ dṛṣṭveva dānavāḥ ,
tasmāttvaṁ puruṣavyāghra prakarṣethā mahācamūm.

30. avasthitam raṇe jñātvā pāṇḍavāḥ tvām
mahāratham draviṣyanti sapañcālāḥ
viṣṇum dṛṣṭvā iva dānavāḥ tasmāt tvam
puruṣavyāghra prakarṣethāḥ mahācamūm

30. pāṇḍavāḥ sapañcālāḥ tvām mahāratham
raṇe avasthitam jñātvā dānavāḥ viṣṇum
dṛṣṭvā iva draviṣyanti tasmāt tvam
puruṣavyāghra mahācamūm prakarṣethāḥ

30. Knowing you, the great warrior (mahāratha), to be present on the battlefield, the Pāṇḍavas, along with the Pāñcālas, will flee, just as the Dānavas flee upon seeing Viṣṇu. Therefore, O tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), you should lead this great army forward.

Words meanings summery:

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, present, situated, fixed

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - a great warrior, one with a great chariot

• द्रविष्यन्ति (draviṣyanti) - they will flee, they will run away

• सपञ्चालाः (sapañcālāḥ) - with the Pāñcālas, accompanied by the Pāñcālas

• विष्णुम् (viṣṇum) - Viṣṇu

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - the Dānavas (plural)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (nominative singular)

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• प्रकर्षेथाः (prakarṣethāḥ) - you should lead forward, you should draw forward

• महाचमूम् (mahācamūm) - the great army

Words meanings and morphology

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, present, situated, fixed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - standing, present, situated, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From ava-sthā (to stand down, to be present)

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, agrees with 'tvām'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

From raṇ (to delight, rejoice, clash)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root jñā (to know) + tvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: jñā (class 9)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu (proper name) + a (patronymic suffix)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to the addressed person (Duryodhana).

महारथम् (mahāratham) - a great warrior, one with a great chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, one who can fight a thousand charioteers, great chariot

Compound of mahā (great) and ratha (chariot)

द्रविष्यन्ति (draviṣyanti) - they will flee, they will run away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of dru

Future Tense

3rd person plural future active of root dru

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'pāṇḍavāḥ'.

सपञ्चालाः (sapañcālāḥ) - with the Pāñcālas, accompanied by the Pāñcālas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sapañcāla

sapañcāla - with the Pāñcālas, including the Pāñcālas

Compound of sa (with) and Pāñcāla (name of a people/kingdom)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas being accompanied.

विष्णुम् (viṣṇum) - Viṣṇu

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Viṣṇu (a principal Hindu deity)

Root: viṣ (class 3)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) + tvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - the Dānavas (plural)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a demon, son of Danu

From Danu (proper name, mother of demons) + a (patronymic suffix)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun, used adverbially

Note: Connects the consequence.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to the addressed person.

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men

Compound of puruṣa (man) and vyāghra (tiger)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, spirit, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger, best among
  noun (masculine)

Note: Term of address.

प्रकर्षेथाः (prakarṣethāḥ) - you should lead forward, you should draw forward

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of kṛṣ

Optative

2nd person singular optative middle (ātmanepada) of pra-kṛṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'tvam'.

महाचमूम् (mahācamūm) - the great army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahācamū

mahācamū - great army, large force

Compound of mahā (great) and camū (army)