महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-6, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
हते द्रोणे महेष्वासे तस्मिन्नहनि भारत ।
कृते च मोघसंकल्पे द्रोणपुत्रे महारथे ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
hate droṇe maheṣvāse tasminnahani bhārata ,
kṛte ca moghasaṁkalpe droṇaputre mahārathe.

1. saṃjaya uvāca hate droṇe maheṣvāse tasmin ahani
bhārata kṛte ca moghasaṅkalpe droṇaputre mahārathe

1. saṃjaya uvāca bhārata tasmin ahani maheṣvāse droṇe
hate ca mahārathe droṇaputre moghasaṅkalpe kṛte ca

1. Sañjaya said: 'O descendant of Bharata, on that very day, when the great archer Droṇa was slain, and the great warrior, Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman), had his determination rendered fruitless...'

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• हते (hate) - when slain (killed, slain)

• द्रोणे (droṇe) - when Droṇa (in Droṇa, when Droṇa)

• महेष्वासे (maheṣvāse) - the great archer (in the great archer)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on that (very) (on that, in that)

• अहनि (ahani) - on that day (on the day)

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

• कृते (kṛte) - when rendered (made, done, performed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मोघसङ्कल्पे (moghasaṅkalpe) - whose determination was rendered fruitless (in futile resolve, whose resolve was in vain)

• द्रोणपुत्रे (droṇaputre) - to Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman) (in Droṇa's son, to Droṇa's son)

• महारथे (mahārathe) - the great warrior (in the great warrior, to the great warrior)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect

Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

हते (hate) - when slain (killed, slain)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

द्रोणे (droṇe) - when Droṇa (in Droṇa, when Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor)

महेष्वासे (maheṣvāse) - the great archer (in the great archer)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman (literally "arrow-thrower")
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to droṇe.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on that (very) (on that, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

अहनि (ahani) - on that day (on the day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Derived from bharata + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

कृते (kṛte) - when rendered (made, done, performed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, finished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मोघसङ्कल्पे (moghasaṅkalpe) - whose determination was rendered fruitless (in futile resolve, whose resolve was in vain)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of moghasaṅkalpa

moghasaṅkalpa - having futile resolve, whose purpose is vain, fruitless determination

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mogha+saṅkalpa)

• mogha – vain, useless, fruitless, ineffective
  adjective
  Root: muh (class 4)
• saṅkalpa – resolve, determination, intention, purpose
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from sam-kḷp
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Appositive to droṇaputre.

द्रोणपुत्रे (droṇaputre) - to Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman) (in Droṇa's son, to Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (the preceptor)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative absolute subject.

महारथे (mahārathe) - the great warrior (in the great warrior, to the great warrior)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, one who can fight many thousands of warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (on a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Appositive to droṇaputre.