महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-6, verse-22

पितामहत्वं संप्रेक्ष्य पाण्डुपुत्रा महारणे ।
रक्षितास्तात भीष्मेण दिवसानि दशैव ह ॥२२॥

22. pitāmahatvaṁ saṁprekṣya pāṇḍuputrā mahāraṇe ,
rakṣitāstāta bhīṣmeṇa divasāni daśaiva ha.

22. pitāmahatvam samprekṣya pāṇḍuputrā mahāraṇe
rakṣitāḥ tāta bhīṣmeṇa divasāni daśa eva ha

22. tāta bhīṣmeṇa pitāmahatvam samprekṣya pāṇḍuputrā
mahāraṇe daśa divasāni eva ha rakṣitāḥ

22. O dear one, having deeply considered his status as their grandfather, Bhishma protected the sons of Pandu in the great battle for ten days only, indeed.

Words meanings summery:

• पितामहत्वम् (pitāmahatvam) - his status as their grandfather (Bhishma's status as grandfather to Pandavas) (grandfatherhood, the state of being a grandfather)

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having deeply considered (having thoroughly seen, having considered, having perceived)

• पाण्डुपुत्रा (pāṇḍuputrā) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

• महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle (Kurukshetra) (in a great battle, in the great war)

• रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected, defended

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (term of endearment, possibly addressing Karna or a general interlocutor) (O dear one, O father, O son)

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

• दिवसानि (divasāni) - days

• दश (daśa) - ten

• एव (eva) - only (for ten days) (only, just, indeed)

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely

Words meanings and morphology

पितामहत्वम् (pitāmahatvam) - his status as their grandfather (Bhishma's status as grandfather to Pandavas) (grandfatherhood, the state of being a grandfather)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitāmahatva

pitāmahatva - grandfatherhood, the state of being a grandfather

derived from pitāmaha (grandfather) with suffix -tva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitāmaha+tva)

• pitāmaha – grandfather (father's father)
  noun (masculine)
• tva – suffix for 'state of being', 'nature of'
  indeclinable (neuter)
  abstract noun suffix

Note: Object of 'samprekṣya'.

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having deeply considered (having thoroughly seen, having considered, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes sam- and pra- and suffix -ya

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of protection.

पाण्डुपुत्रा (pāṇḍuputrā) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu

Compound of Pāṇḍu (proper name) and putra (son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (proper name, father of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'were protected'.

महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle (Kurukshetra) (in a great battle, in the great war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāraṇa

mahāraṇa - great battle, great war

Compound of mahat (great) and raṇa (battle)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+raṇa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place.

रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected, defended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, defended, guarded

past passive participle

from root rakṣ (to protect)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'pāṇḍuputrā'.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (term of endearment, possibly addressing Karna or a general interlocutor) (O dear one, O father, O son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, friend, dear one (term of endearment, often used in address to elders or subordinates)

Note: Term of address.

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

दिवसानि (divasāni) - days

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of divasa

divasa - day

Note: Denotes duration.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'divasāni'.

एव (eva) - only (for ten days) (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, here specifying 'only'.

ह (ha) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.