महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-6, verse-24

हते तस्मिन्महाभागे शरतल्पगते तदा ।
त्वयोक्ते पुरुषव्याघ्र द्रोणो ह्यासीत्पुरःसरः ॥२४॥

24. hate tasminmahābhāge śaratalpagate tadā ,
tvayokte puruṣavyāghra droṇo hyāsītpuraḥsaraḥ.

24. hate tasmin mahābhāge śaratpalgate tadā tvayā
ukte puruṣavyāghra droṇaḥ hi āsīt puraḥsaraḥ

24. tadā puruṣavyāghra tasmin mahābhāge śaratpalgate
hate tvayā ukte (sati) droṇaḥ hi puraḥsaraḥ āsīt

24. Then, O tiger among men, when that greatly fortunate one, having fallen upon a bed of arrows, was killed, Drona indeed became the commander, as you had stated.

Words meanings summery:

• हते (hate) - when killed, having been slain (killed, slain, struck down)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him (referring to Bhishma) (in that, on that, to that)

• महाभागे (mahābhāge) - the greatly fortunate one (referring to Bhishma) (greatly fortunate, glorious, eminent)

• शरत्पल्गते (śaratpalgate) - having fallen upon a bed of arrows (referring to Bhishma) (gone to a bed of arrows, lying on a bed of arrows)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (referring to Dhritarashtra, addressed by Sanjaya) (by you)

• उक्ते (ukte) - when (it was) spoken (by you) (spoken, said, stated)

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men! (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O tiger among men! O excellent man!)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (proper noun))

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• पुरःसरः (puraḥsaraḥ) - commander, leader (going before, leading, chief, commander)

Words meanings and morphology

हते (hate) - when killed, having been slain (killed, slain, struck down)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: In a locative absolute construction.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him (referring to Bhishma) (in that, on that, to that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

महाभागे (mahābhāge) - the greatly fortunate one (referring to Bhishma) (greatly fortunate, glorious, eminent)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, glorious, eminent, noble

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+bhāga)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, luck
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj

Note: In a locative absolute construction, modifying `tasmin`.

शरत्पल्गते (śaratpalgate) - having fallen upon a bed of arrows (referring to Bhishma) (gone to a bed of arrows, lying on a bed of arrows)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śaratpalgata

śaratpalgata - one who has gone to a bed of arrows, lying on a bed of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+talpa+gata)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ
• talpa – bed, couch, mattress
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, attained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: In a locative absolute construction, modifying `tasmin`.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (referring to Dhritarashtra, addressed by Sanjaya) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Agent of `ukte`.

उक्ते (ukte) - when (it was) spoken (by you) (spoken, said, stated)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, stated

Past Passive Participle

From root √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Implies "when this was said by you" or "as you said".

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men! (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O tiger among men! O excellent man!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, foremost man

A type of compound (upamanottarapada karmadhāraya or dvigu if numeric) where the second term qualifies the first by comparison.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, spirit (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: ghra

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a name); a measure of capacity; a bucket

Note: Subject of `āsīt`.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle emphasizing or providing a reason.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect active 3rd singular

Parasmaipada, Imperfect Tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)

पुरःसरः (puraḥsaraḥ) - commander, leader (going before, leading, chief, commander)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puraḥsara

puraḥsara - going before, leading, chief, commander

Formed from puras (before) and sara (going).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (puras+sara)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
  Adverb/preposition. Acts like a prefix.
• sara – moving, going; a string, course
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sṛ (to go, move).
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate noun for Drona.