महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-38, verse-39

दृष्ट्वा तु दारितां युद्धे शस्त्रवृष्टिं दुरुत्तराम् ।
कृतवर्माणमभ्येत्य वारयामास पार्षतः ॥३९॥

39. dṛṣṭvā tu dāritāṁ yuddhe śastravṛṣṭiṁ duruttarām ,
kṛtavarmāṇamabhyetya vārayāmāsa pārṣataḥ.

39. dṛṣṭvā tu dāritām yuddhe śastravṛṣṭim duruttarām
kṛtavarmāṇam abhyetya vārayāmāsa pārṣataḥ

39. pārṣataḥ tu yuddhe dāritām duruttarām śastravṛṣṭim
dṛṣṭvā kṛtavarmāṇam abhyetya vārayāmāsa

39. Seeing that the formidable shower of weapons was scattered in battle, Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata) approached Kṛtavarmā and restrained him.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• तु (tu) - indeed, then (but, indeed, and, then)

• दारिताम् (dāritām) - scattered (torn, split, scattered, rent asunder)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

• शस्त्रवृष्टिम् (śastravṛṣṭim) - shower of weapons

• दुरुत्तराम् (duruttarām) - formidable, difficult to overcome (difficult to overcome, hard to cross, unconquerable)

• कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - Kṛtavarmā (Kṛtavarmā (proper noun))

• अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached (having approached, having gone towards)

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - restrained (restrained, prevented, stopped)

• पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata) (son of Pṛṣata (a name for Dhṛṣṭadyumna))

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed, then (but, indeed, and, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often a particle for emphasis or transition.

दारिताम् (dāritām) - scattered (torn, split, scattered, rent asunder)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dāritā

dāritā - torn, split, rent, scattered

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root dṛ (to tear, split) with causative suffix (or dāri causative from dṛ)

Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with śastravṛṣṭim.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

शस्त्रवृष्टिम् (śastravṛṣṭim) - shower of weapons

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śastravṛṣṭi

śastravṛṣṭi - shower of weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+vṛṣṭi)

• śastra – weapon, sword
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas (class 2)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower, fall
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दुरुत्तराम् (duruttarām) - formidable, difficult to overcome (difficult to overcome, hard to cross, unconquerable)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duruttarā

duruttarā - difficult to overcome, hard to cross, unconquerable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+uttarā)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• uttarā – overcoming, crossing, excellent
  adjective (feminine)
  From root tṛ (to cross, overcome) with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śastravṛṣṭim.

कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - Kṛtavarmā (Kṛtavarmā (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarmā

kṛtavarmā - Kṛtavarmā (proper name)

Note: Object of abhyetya and vārayāmāsa.

अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached (having approached, having gone towards)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root i with prefixes abhi and ā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Often appears as a prefix to verb 'i'.

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - restrained (restrained, prevented, stopped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vārayāmāsa

Perfect (Causative)

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the causative stem vārayati (from root vṛ)

Root: vṛ (class 10)

Note: Periphrastic perfect, formed with 'āmāsa'.

पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata) (son of Pṛṣata (a name for Dhṛṣṭadyumna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata (an epithet of Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Patronymic from Pṛṣata

Note: Subject of the sentence.

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