महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-76, verse-42

दृष्ट्वा दुर्योधनं कृष्णस्त्वतिक्रान्तं सहानुगम् ।
अब्रवीदर्जुनं राजन्प्राप्तकालमिदं वचः ॥४२॥

42. dṛṣṭvā duryodhanaṁ kṛṣṇastvatikrāntaṁ sahānugam ,
abravīdarjunaṁ rājanprāptakālamidaṁ vacaḥ.

42. dṛṣṭvā duryodhanam kṛṣṇaḥ tu atikrāntam saha anugam
abravīt arjunam rājan prāptakālam idam vacaḥ

42. rājan,
kṛṣṇaḥ tu duryodhanam saha anugam atikrāntam dṛṣṭvā,
arjunam idam prāptakālam vacaḥ abravīt.

42. But Kṛṣṇa, O King, seeing Duryodhana who had advanced along with his followers, spoke these timely words to Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• अतिक्रान्तम् (atikrāntam) - having advanced, having transgressed

• सह (saha) - with, together with, accompanied by

• अनुगम् (anugam) - his followers (follower, attendant)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• राजन् (rājan) - O King! (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king!)

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - timely, appropriate for the occasion

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root 'dṛś' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (a proper name); dark, black

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अतिक्रान्तम् (atikrāntam) - having advanced, having transgressed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atikrānta

atikrānta - gone beyond, passed over, surpassed, advanced, transgressed

Past Active Participle (transitive usage often takes accusative object)

From root 'kram' with upasarga 'ati'.

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

सह (saha) - with, together with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

अनुगम् (anugam) - his followers (follower, attendant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuga

anuga - following, accompanying, a follower, an attendant

From root 'gam' with upasarga 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Root: bru (class 2)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a proper name); white, clear, silver

राजन् (rājan) - O King! (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - timely, appropriate for the occasion

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - whose time has arrived, timely, opportune

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, reached, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'āp' with upasarga 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, declaration

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)