महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-51, verse-6

स तथा चोदितोऽस्माभिः सदश्व इव वीर्यवान् ।
असह्यमपि तं भारं वोढुमेवोपचक्रमे ॥६॥

6. sa tathā codito'smābhiḥ sadaśva iva vīryavān ,
asahyamapi taṁ bhāraṁ voḍhumevopacakrame.

6. saḥ tathā coditaḥ asmābhiḥ sadaśvaḥ iva vīryavān
asahyam api tam bhāram voḍhum eva upacakrame

6. asmābhiḥ tathā coditaḥ vīryavān saḥ sadaśvaḥ
iva asahyam api tam bhāram voḍhum eva upacakrame

6. Thus impelled by us, he (Abhimanyu), valorous like a noble steed, indeed began to bear even that unbearable burden.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Abhimanyu) (he, that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (referring to the previous instruction) (thus, so, in that manner)

• चोदितः (coditaḥ) - impelled, urged (impelled, urged, exhorted)

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• सदश्वः (sadaśvaḥ) - noble steed, good horse

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous (valorous, powerful, heroic)

• असह्यम् (asahyam) - unbearable (unbearable, intolerable)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• तम् (tam) - that

• भारम् (bhāram) - burden (of breaking the army) (burden, load, responsibility)

• वोढुम् (voḍhum) - to bear, to undertake (to bear, to carry, to undertake)

• एव (eva) - indeed, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he began, he undertook (he undertook, he began, he commenced)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Abhimanyu) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (referring to the previous instruction) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies `coditaḥ`.

चोदितः (coditaḥ) - impelled, urged (impelled, urged, exhorted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of codita

codita - impelled, urged, exhorted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root √cud (to impel, urge) + suffix -ta

Root: cud (class 1)

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent of `coditaḥ`.

सदश्वः (sadaśvaḥ) - noble steed, good horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadaśva

sadaśva - noble steed, good horse

Compound type : karmadharaya (sat+aśva)

• sat – good, true, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from root √as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of a simile with `iva`.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous (valorous, powerful, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - valorous, powerful, heroic

Possessive suffix -vat

Note: Agrees with `saḥ`.

असह्यम् (asahyam) - unbearable (unbearable, intolerable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asahya

asahya - unbearable, intolerable, irresistible

Gerundive

Negative prefix 'a' + Gerundive of root √sah (to bear)

Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (a+sahya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• sahya – bearable, endurable
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root √sah (to bear) + suffix -ya
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `bhāram`.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `asahyām`.

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies `bhāram`.

भारम् (bhāram) - burden (of breaking the army) (burden, load, responsibility)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāra

bhāra - burden, load, weight, responsibility

Note: Object of `voḍhum`.

वोढुम् (voḍhum) - to bear, to undertake (to bear, to carry, to undertake)

(verb)

active, infinitive of vah

infinitive

Infinitive of root √vah (to carry) + suffix -tum

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Purpose of `upacakrame`.

एव (eva) - indeed, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `voḍhum`.

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he began, he undertook (he undertook, he began, he commenced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of upakram

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)