महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-51, verse-29

वेदाध्यायिनमत्यर्थं संशितं वा द्विजोत्तमम् ।
अवमन्यमानो यान्याति वृद्धान्साधूंस्तथा गुरून् ॥२९॥

29. vedādhyāyinamatyarthaṁ saṁśitaṁ vā dvijottamam ,
avamanyamāno yānyāti vṛddhānsādhūṁstathā gurūn.

29. vedādhyāyinam atyartham saṃśitam vā dvijottamam
avamanyamānaḥ yāni ati vṛddhān sādhūn tathā gurūn

29. yaḥ vedādhyāyinam atyartham vā saṃśitam dvijottamam vṛddhān
sādhūn tathā gurūn avamanyamānaḥ yāni ati (tāni gatīni)

29. The various states one attains by disrespecting a Brahmin (dvija) who is exceedingly learned in the Vedas or highly disciplined, and also by disrespecting elders, virtuous persons, and spiritual teachers (guru).

Words meanings summery:

• वेदाध्यायिनम् (vedādhyāyinam) - one who studies the Vedas

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

• संशितम् (saṁśitam) - highly disciplined (in religious practice or penance) (disciplined, sharpened, ascetic, severe)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• द्विजोत्तमम् (dvijottamam) - the best Brahmin (dvija)

• अवमन्यमानः (avamanyamānaḥ) - disrespecting, one who disrespects, despising

• यानि (yāni) - which (various) states or conditions (which, what (plural, neuter))

• अति (ati) - he attains (he goes, he attains, he wanders)

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders, aged persons

• साधून् (sādhūn) - virtuous persons, good people, righteous ones

• तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

• गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, spiritual preceptors (guru)

Words meanings and morphology

वेदाध्यायिनम् (vedādhyāyinam) - one who studies the Vedas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vedādhyāyin

vedādhyāyin - one who studies the Vedas

compound of Veda (knowledge) and adhyāyin (one who studies)

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+adhyāyin)

• veda – Vedic knowledge, sacred knowledge, the Vedas
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• adhyāyin – one who studies or reads
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from adhi + i (to go, study)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atyartha

atyartha - exceeding, excessive, very great

Compound type : avyayibhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – beyond, over, excessively
  indeclinable
  prefix
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverb here, modifying 'saṃśitam'.

संशितम् (saṁśitam) - highly disciplined (in religious practice or penance) (disciplined, sharpened, ascetic, severe)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśita

saṁśita - sharpened, severe, disciplined, ascetic

Past Passive Participle

from sam + śā (to sharpen, to discipline)

Prefix: sam

Root: śā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'dvijottamam'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

द्विजोत्तमम् (dvijottamam) - the best Brahmin (dvija)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvijottama

dvijottama - best among the twice-born; best Brahmin (dvija)

compound of dvija (twice-born) and uttama (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin (dvija), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  from dvi (two) + jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – highest, best, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of ud

Note: Object of 'avamanyamānaḥ'.

अवमन्यमानः (avamanyamānaḥ) - disrespecting, one who disrespects, despising

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avamanyamāna

avamanyamāna - despising, disrespecting

Present Middle Participle

from ava + man (to think, to disrespect)

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The subject implied in the sentence.

यानि (yāni) - which (various) states or conditions (which, what (plural, neuter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Object of 'ati'.

अति (ati) - he attains (he goes, he attains, he wanders)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of at

Present Indicative

Root: at (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'avamanyamānaḥ'.

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders, aged persons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, augmented, venerable

Past Passive Participle

from vṛdh (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avamanyamānaḥ'.

साधून् (sādhūn) - virtuous persons, good people, righteous ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, righteous, virtuous, holy man

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Object of 'avamanyamānaḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

(indeclinable)

गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, spiritual preceptors (guru)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher (guru), preceptor, heavy, important

Note: Object of 'avamanyamānaḥ'.