महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-51, verse-37

इमां चाप्यपरां भूयः प्रतिज्ञां मे निबोधत ।
यद्यस्मिन्नहते पापे सूर्योऽस्तमुपयास्यति ।
इहैव संप्रवेष्टाहं ज्वलितं जातवेदसम् ॥३७॥

37. imāṁ cāpyaparāṁ bhūyaḥ pratijñāṁ me nibodhata ,
yadyasminnahate pāpe sūryo'stamupayāsyati ,
ihaiva saṁpraveṣṭāhaṁ jvalitaṁ jātavedasam.

37. imām ca api aparām bhūyaḥ pratijñām
me nibodhata | yadi asmin ahate pāpe
sūryaḥ astam upayāsyati | iha eva
saṃpraveṣṭā aham jvalitam jātavedasam

37. me imām aparām ca bhūyaḥ pratijñām api nibodhata.
yadi asmin pāpe ahate sūryaḥ astam upayāsyati,
[tarhi] aham iha eva jvalitam jātavedasam saṃpraveṣṭā.

37. Also, hear this other vow of mine: if the sun sets before this sinner is killed, I myself will enter the blazing fire here.

Words meanings summery:

• इमाम् (imām) - this, this one

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अपराम् (aparām) - other, another

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, assertion

• मे (me) - my, of me

• निबोधत (nibodhata) - Listen to my vow. (understand, hear, perceive)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - Referring to the pāpa (sinner). (in this)

• अहते (ahate) - Before this sinner is killed. (unkilled, not slain)

• पापे (pāpe) - The target of the vow. (sinner, evil one)

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun

• अस्तम् (astam) - Setting (of the sun). (setting, disappearance, home)

• उपयास्यति (upayāsyati) - The sun will set. (will approach, will go towards, will set)

• इह (iha) - In this very place. (here, in this world)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'here'. (only, just, indeed, very)

• संप्रवेष्टा (saṁpraveṣṭā) - I will enter. (one who will enter, ready to enter)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• ज्वलितम् (jvalitam) - The blazing fire. (blazing, burning)

• जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - The blazing fire (Agni). (fire, Agni)

Words meanings and morphology

इमाम् (imām) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Declension of idam, feminine, accusative singular. Agrees with pratijñām.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अपराम् (aparām) - other, another

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, western

Note: Agrees with pratijñām.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, assertion

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, assertion, recognition

Derived from prati-jñā.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of nibodhata.

मे (me) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive form for 'pratijñām'.

निबोधत (nibodhata) - Listen to my vow. (understand, hear, perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

From ni-budh.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: The 'ta' ending is typical for 2nd person plural imperative.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - Referring to the pāpa (sinner). (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Agrees with pāpe.

अहते (ahate) - Before this sinner is killed. (unkilled, not slain)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ahata

ahata - unkilled, not struck, undiminished, unbroken

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative prefix 'a-' + past passive participle of han (to strike/kill).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hata)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hata – struck, killed, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with pāpe, forming a locative absolute construction.

पापे (pāpe) - The target of the vow. (sinner, evil one)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, sinful; a sinner, evil deed

Note: Locative absolute construction with ahate.

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, sun god

Note: Subject of upayāsyati.

अस्तम् (astam) - Setting (of the sun). (setting, disappearance, home)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting, disappearance, home, western mountain

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of upayāsyati, forming a compound sense 'to go to setting'.

उपयास्यति (upayāsyati) - The sun will set. (will approach, will go towards, will set)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of upayā

From upa-yā.

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

इह (iha) - In this very place. (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'here'. (only, just, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

संप्रवेष्टा (saṁpraveṣṭā) - I will enter. (one who will enter, ready to enter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃpraveṣṭṛ

saṁpraveṣṭṛ - one who enters, will enter, intending to enter

Agent noun (tṛC affix) indicating future action.

From saṃ-pra-viś.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Refers to 'aham'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of saṃpraveṣṭā.

ज्वलितम् (jvalitam) - The blazing fire. (blazing, burning)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jvalita

jvalita - blazing, burning, shining

Past Passive Participle

PPP of jval (to blaze).

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with jātavedasam.

जातवेदसम् (jātavedasam) - The blazing fire (Agni). (fire, Agni)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jātavedas

jātavedas - fire, Agni, fire-god, possessing knowledge of all born beings

'Born knowing' or 'knower of all born things'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+vedas)

• jāta – born, produced, arisen
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• vedas – knowledge, wealth
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of saṃpraveṣṭā.