महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-51, verse-32

भृत्यैः संदृश्यमानानां पुत्रदाराश्रितैस्तथा ।
असंविभज्य क्षुद्राणां या गतिर्मृष्टमश्नताम् ।
तां गच्छेयं गतिं घोरां न चेद्धन्यां जयद्रथम् ॥३२॥

32. bhṛtyaiḥ saṁdṛśyamānānāṁ putradārāśritaistathā ,
asaṁvibhajya kṣudrāṇāṁ yā gatirmṛṣṭamaśnatām ,
tāṁ gaccheyaṁ gatiṁ ghorāṁ na ceddhanyāṁ jayadratham.

32. bhṛtyaiḥ saṃdṛśyamānānām putradārāśritaiḥ
tathā asaṃvibhajya kṣudrāṇām yā
gatiḥ mṛṣṭam aśnatām tām gaccheyam
gatim ghorām na cet hanyām jayadratham

32. yā gatiḥ (asti) bhṛtyaiḥ putradārāśritaiḥ tathā saṃdṛśyamānānām kṣudrāṇām asaṃvibhajya mṛṣṭam aśnatām,
tām ghorām gatim gaccheyam,
na cet jayadratham hanyām

32. The fate (gati) of those who eat delicious food without sharing it with the needy, while being observed by their servants and by dependents like their children and wives; I would attain that dreadful fate if I do not kill Jayadratha.

Words meanings summery:

• भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, by dependents

• संदृश्यमानानाम् (saṁdṛśyamānānām) - of those who are observed (while eating) (of those being seen, of those who are observed)

• पुत्रदाराश्रितैः (putradārāśritaiḥ) - by (their own) children and wives who are dependents (by those dependent on children and wives, by one's children and wives who are dependents)

• तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

• असंविभज्य (asaṁvibhajya) - without distributing, without sharing

• क्षुद्राणाम् (kṣudrāṇām) - of the needy (as recipients) (of the humble, of the poor, of the lowly)

• या (yā) - which (fate) (which (feminine singular))

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - fate, state, course, destination

• मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭam) - delicious food (delicious, clean, rich food)

• अश्नताम् (aśnatām) - of those eating

• ताम् (tām) - that (dreadful fate) (that (feminine singular))

• गच्छेयम् (gaccheyam) - I would attain, I would go

• गतिम् (gatim) - fate, state, destination

• घोराम् (ghorām) - dreadful, terrible, fearful

• न (na) - not, no

• चेत् (cet) - if

• हन्याम् (hanyām) - I would kill, I should kill

• जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha (proper noun)

Words meanings and morphology

भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, by dependents

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, dependent, to be supported

Gerundive

from bhṛ (to bear, support) + ya

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

संदृश्यमानानाम् (saṁdṛśyamānānām) - of those who are observed (while eating) (of those being seen, of those who are observed)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of saṃdṛśyamāna

saṁdṛśyamāna - being seen, observed, visible

Present Passive Participle

from sam + dṛś (to see) + yamāna (passive affix)

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पुत्रदाराश्रितैः (putradārāśritaiḥ) - by (their own) children and wives who are dependents (by those dependent on children and wives, by one's children and wives who are dependents)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putradārāśrita

putradārāśrita - dependent on children and wives, or children and wives as dependents

compound of putra (son), dāra (wife) and āśrita (dependent)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (putra+dāra+āśrita)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: put (class 1)
• dāra – wife
  noun (masculine)
• āśrita – dependent, sheltered, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ā + śri (to lean on, depend)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Refers to the observers.

तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

(indeclinable)

असंविभज्य (asaṁvibhajya) - without distributing, without sharing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from a (not) + sam + vi + bhaj (to divide, distribute) + ya (suffix)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+saṃvibhajya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• saṃvibhajya – having distributed, having shared
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (gerund)
  from sam + vi + bhaj + ya
  Prefixes: sam+vi
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

क्षुद्राणाम् (kṣudrāṇām) - of the needy (as recipients) (of the humble, of the poor, of the lowly)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣudra

kṣudra - small, minute, low, humble, poor, wicked

Root: kṣud (class 6)

Note: Can be used here in a dative sense.

या (yā) - which (fate) (which (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Subject of the implicit 'asti'.

गतिः (gatiḥ) - fate, state, course, destination

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, fate (gati), state, condition

from gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭam) - delicious food (delicious, clean, rich food)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛṣṭa

mṛṣṭa - cleaned, rubbed, delicious, rich (food)

Past Passive Participle

from mṛj (to wipe, to clean)

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Object of 'aśnatām'.

अश्नताम् (aśnatām) - of those eating

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aśnat

aśnat - eating, consuming

Present Active Participle

from aś (to eat)

Root: aś (class 9)

ताम् (tām) - that (dreadful fate) (that (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'gaccheyam'.

गच्छेयम् (gaccheyam) - I would attain, I would go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Optative

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses a wish or curse.

गतिम् (gatim) - fate, state, destination

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, fate (gati), state, condition

from gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

घोराम् (ghorām) - dreadful, terrible, fearful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, dire

Root: ghūr (class 1)

Note: Feminine form agreeing with 'gatim'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

from 'ca' + 'id'

हन्याम् (hanyām) - I would kill, I should kill

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

Optative

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The 'ḍḍh' in 'ceḍḍhanyāṃ' is due to sandhi with 'cet'.

जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - Jayadratha (name of a king, son-in-law of Dhritarashtra)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jaya+ratha)

• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of 'hanyām'.