महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-51, verse-38
असुरसुरमनुष्याः पक्षिणो वोरगा वा पितृरजनिचरा वा ब्रह्मदेवर्षयो वा ।
चरमचरमपीदं यत्परं चापि तस्मात्तदपि मम रिपुं तं रक्षितुं नैव शक्ताः ॥३८॥
चरमचरमपीदं यत्परं चापि तस्मात्तदपि मम रिपुं तं रक्षितुं नैव शक्ताः ॥३८॥
38. asurasuramanuṣyāḥ pakṣiṇo voragā vā; pitṛrajanicarā vā brahmadevarṣayo vā ,
caramacaramapīdaṁ yatparaṁ cāpi tasmā;ttadapi mama ripuṁ taṁ rakṣituṁ naiva śaktāḥ.
caramacaramapīdaṁ yatparaṁ cāpi tasmā;ttadapi mama ripuṁ taṁ rakṣituṁ naiva śaktāḥ.
38.
asurasuramanuṣyāḥ pakṣiṇaḥ voragāḥ vā
pitṛrajanicarāḥ vā brahmadevarṣayaḥ vā |
caramācaramam api idam yat param ca api tasmāt
tat api mama ripum tam rakṣitum na eva śaktāḥ
pitṛrajanicarāḥ vā brahmadevarṣayaḥ vā |
caramācaramam api idam yat param ca api tasmāt
tat api mama ripum tam rakṣitum na eva śaktāḥ
38.
asurasuramanuṣyāḥ,
pakṣiṇaḥ,
vā voragāḥ,
vā pitṛrajanicarāḥ,
vā brahmadevarṣayaḥ,
vā idam caramācaramam api,
ca tasmāt yat param api tat api,
mama tam ripum rakṣitum na eva śaktāḥ.
pakṣiṇaḥ,
vā voragāḥ,
vā pitṛrajanicarāḥ,
vā brahmadevarṣayaḥ,
vā idam caramācaramam api,
ca tasmāt yat param api tat api,
mama tam ripum rakṣitum na eva śaktāḥ.
38.
Neither asuras, suras, humans, birds, or great serpents, nor pitṛs or night-rovers, nor Brahmā, devas, or ṛṣis—nor even any moving or unmoving thing, or anything beyond that—none of these are capable of protecting my enemy.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- असुरसुरमनुष्याः (asurasuramanuṣyāḥ) - asuras, suras, and humans
- पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds
- वोरगाः (voragāḥ) - great serpents, heroic serpents
- वा (vā) - or, either
- पितृरजनिचराः (pitṛrajanicarāḥ) - A class of beings, potentially including rakṣasas. (ancestral night-rovers, pitṛs and night-rovers)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- ब्रह्मदेवर्षयः (brahmadevarṣayaḥ) - Refers to powerful celestial beings. (Brahmā, devas, and sages; or divine sages of Brahmā)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- चरमाचरमम् (caramācaramam) - All animate and inanimate creation. (moving and unmoving (things))
- अपि (api) - Even this. (also, even, too)
- इदम् (idam) - Referring to the entire universe of moving and unmoving things. (this, this one)
- यत् (yat) - Anything that is beyond that. (which, that)
- परम् (param) - That which is beyond. (supreme, highest, beyond, next)
- च (ca) - and, also
- अपि (api) - Even that. (also, even, too)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - From that (moving/unmoving world). (from that, therefore)
- तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat param'. (that, it)
- अपि (api) - Even that. (also, even, too)
- मम (mama) - my, of me
- रिपुम् (ripum) - The enemy (object of protection). (enemy)
- तम् (tam) - That enemy. (that, him)
- रक्षितुम् (rakṣitum) - To protect (my enemy). (to protect, to guard)
- न (na) - Negating the capability. (not, no)
- एव (eva) - Emphatic negation: 'absolutely not capable'. (only, just, indeed, very)
- शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - None of them are capable. (capable, able)
Words meanings and morphology
असुरसुरमनुष्याः (asurasuramanuṣyāḥ) - asuras, suras, and humans
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of asurasuramanuṣya
asurasuramanuṣya - demons, gods, and humans (collectively)
Dvandva compound.
Compound type : dvandva (asura+sura+manuṣya)
- asura – demon, anti-god
noun (masculine) - sura – god, deity
noun (masculine) - manuṣya – human being, man
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of śaktāḥ.
पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin
pakṣin - bird, winged creature
From pakṣa (wing).
Note: Subject of śaktāḥ.
वोरगाः (voragāḥ) - great serpents, heroic serpents
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of voraga
voraga - great serpent, heroic serpent (derived from vīra + ga, one who goes like a hero or a great serpent)
Nominative plural of voraga. Possibly a variant or corruption of uraga (serpent) or a compound related to vīra (hero) + ga (going).
Note: Subject of śaktāḥ.
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
पितृरजनिचराः (pitṛrajanicarāḥ) - A class of beings, potentially including rakṣasas. (ancestral night-rovers, pitṛs and night-rovers)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛrajanicara
pitṛrajanicara - (lit. 'father-night-goer') a class of beings, often associated with deceased ancestors and night-prowling entities
Compound of pitṛ (ancestor) and rajanicara (night-prowler).
Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+rajanicara)
- pitṛ – father, ancestor, forefather, a class of deceased ancestors
noun (masculine) - rajanicara – night-prowler, night-goer, demon
noun (masculine)
Compound of rajani (night) + cara (mover/goer).
Note: Subject of śaktāḥ.
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
ब्रह्मदेवर्षयः (brahmadevarṣayaḥ) - Refers to powerful celestial beings. (Brahmā, devas, and sages; or divine sages of Brahmā)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmadevarṣi
brahmadevarṣi - (collectively) Brahmā, gods, and sages; or divine sages related to Brahmā
Dvandva compound of Brahman, Deva, Ṛṣi.
Compound type : dvandva (brahman+deva+ṛṣi)
- brahman – Brahmā (the creator god), sacred utterance, the Absolute (brahman)
proper noun (masculine) - deva – god, deity
noun (masculine)
Root: div (class 4) - ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of śaktāḥ.
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
चरमाचरमम् (caramācaramam) - All animate and inanimate creation. (moving and unmoving (things))
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of caramācarama
caramācarama - moving and unmoving, animate and inanimate
Dvandva compound of carama (moving) and acarama (unmoving). The 'ā' is from internal sandhi of a + a.
Compound type : dvandva (carama+acarama)
- carama – moving, mobile, alive, perishable
adjective (masculine)
From root car (to move).
Root: car (class 1) - acarama – unmoving, immobile, inanimate
adjective (masculine)
Negative prefix 'a-' + carama (moving).
Prefix: a
Note: Subject of śaktāḥ.
अपि (api) - Even this. (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
इदम् (idam) - Referring to the entire universe of moving and unmoving things. (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, this one, here
Note: Subject of śaktāḥ.
यत् (yat) - Anything that is beyond that. (which, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Subject of a clause.
परम् (param) - That which is beyond. (supreme, highest, beyond, next)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of para
para - other, different, subsequent, supreme, highest
Note: Predicate adjective for 'yat'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - Even that. (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - From that (moving/unmoving world). (from that, therefore)
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the previously mentioned 'caramācaramam'.
तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat param'. (that, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Correlative to 'yat'.
अपि (api) - Even that. (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes 'even'.
मम (mama) - my, of me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Note: Possessive for 'ripum'.
रिपुम् (ripum) - The enemy (object of protection). (enemy)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ripu
ripu - enemy, foe
Root: rī (class 4)
Note: Object of rakṣitum.
तम् (tam) - That enemy. (that, him)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Agrees with ripum.
रक्षितुम् (rakṣitum) - To protect (my enemy). (to protect, to guard)
(verb)
active, infinitive (tumun) of rakṣ
Infinitive
Infinitive form of root rakṣ.
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies śaktāḥ.
न (na) - Negating the capability. (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
एव (eva) - Emphatic negation: 'absolutely not capable'. (only, just, indeed, very)
(indeclinable)
शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - None of them are capable. (capable, able)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta
śakta - able, capable, powerful
Past Passive Participle (used adjectivally)
PPP of śak (to be able).
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Predicate adjective for all the mentioned entities.