महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-35, verse-18

घोरैर्हलहलाशब्दैर्मा गास्तिष्ठैहि मामिति ।
असावहममुत्रेति प्रवदन्तो मुहुर्मुहुः ॥१८॥

18. ghorairhalahalāśabdairmā gāstiṣṭhaihi māmiti ,
asāvahamamutreti pravadanto muhurmuhuḥ.

18. ghoraiḥ halahalāśabdaiḥ mā gāḥ tiṣṭha ehi mām
iti asau aham amutra iti pravadantaḥ muhurmuhuḥ

18. pravadantaḥ ghoraiḥ halahalāśabdaiḥ mā gāḥ tiṣṭha
ehi mām iti asau aham amutra iti muhurmuhuḥ

18. With dreadful, tumultuous cries, they shouted, 'Do not flee! Stop! Come to me!' and repeatedly proclaimed, 'Here I am! There he is!'

Words meanings summery:

• घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - by terrible, by dreadful, by fierce

• हलहलाशब्दैः (halahalāśabdaiḥ) - by tumultuous cries, by loud uproar

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• गाः (gāḥ) - do not go, do not flee (go (injunctive 2nd singular))

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stand, stop

• एहि (ehi) - come (imperative 2nd singular)

• माम् (mām) - me

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (marks direct speech)

• असौ (asau) - that one (is the enemy) (that one, he)

• अहम् (aham) - I (am here) (I)

• अमुत्र (amutra) - over there (referring to the location of the target/enemy) (over there, in the other world)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (marks direct speech)

• प्रवदन्तः (pravadantaḥ) - shouting (these challenges) (shouting, proclaiming, speaking)

• मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again

Words meanings and morphology

घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - by terrible, by dreadful, by fierce

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, frightful

Note: Qualifies 'halahalāśabdaiḥ'.

हलहलाशब्दैः (halahalāśabdaiḥ) - by tumultuous cries, by loud uproar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of halahalāśabda

halahalāśabda - a tumultuous cry, loud uproar

Compound type : karmadhāraya (halahalā+śabda)

• halahalā – tumult, uproar, noise
  noun (feminine)
• śabda – sound, noise, word
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śabd (class 10)

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

Used with injunctive mood

गाः (gāḥ) - do not go, do not flee (go (injunctive 2nd singular))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, injunctive (luṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'mā' to form a prohibition.

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stand, stop

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

एहि (ehi) - come (imperative 2nd singular)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of i

Root: i (class 2)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to indicate quoted speech or thought.

असौ (asau) - that one (is the enemy) (that one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'that one' or 'he' (an opponent).

अहम् (aham) - I (am here) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अमुत्र (amutra) - over there (referring to the location of the target/enemy) (over there, in the other world)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'adas' (that) + 'tral' suffix.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to indicate quoted speech or thought.

प्रवदन्तः (pravadantaḥ) - shouting (these challenges) (shouting, proclaiming, speaking)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravadat

pravadat - speaking, proclaiming

Present Active Participle

From 'pra' + root 'vad' (to speak).

Prefix: pra

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subjects (the attacking warriors).

मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again

(indeclinable)

Reduplicated form of 'muhuḥ' for emphasis.

Compound type : dvirukta (reduplicated) (muhuḥ+muhuḥ)

• muhuḥ – instantly, repeatedly
  indeclinable
• muhuḥ – instantly, repeatedly
  indeclinable