महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-35, verse-12

स कर्णिकारप्रवरोच्छ्रितध्वजः सुवर्णवर्मार्जुनिरर्जुनाद्वरः ।
युयुत्सया द्रोणमुखान्महारथान्समासदत्सिंहशिशुर्यथा गजान् ॥१२॥

12. sa karṇikārapravarocchritadhvajaḥ; suvarṇavarmārjunirarjunādvaraḥ ,
yuyutsayā droṇamukhānmahārathā;nsamāsadatsiṁhaśiśuryathā gajān.

12. sa karṇikārapravarocchritadhvajaḥ
suvarṇavarmā arjuniḥ arjunāt varaḥ
yuyutsayā droṇamukhān mahārathān
samāsadat siṃhaśiśuḥ yathā gajān

12. saḥ suvarṇavarmā arjuniḥ arjunāt varaḥ
karṇikārapravarocchritadhvajaḥ
yuyutsayā siṃhaśiśuḥ yathā gajān
(samāsadat) droṇamukhān mahārathān samāsadat

12. With a prominent Karnikara flower banner raised, Arjuna's son (Abhimanyu), wearing golden armor and superior to Arjuna, desirous of battle, advanced to meet the great charioteers led by Drona, just as a lion cub attacks elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he

• कर्णिकारप्रवरोच्छ्रितध्वजः (karṇikārapravarocchritadhvajaḥ) - one whose excellent Karnikara flower banner is raised

• सुवर्णवर्मा (suvarṇavarmā) - having golden armor

• अर्जुनिः (arjuniḥ) - Abhimanyu, the son of Arjuna (son of Arjuna, Abhimanyu)

• अर्जुनात् (arjunāt) - from Arjuna, than Arjuna

• वरः (varaḥ) - superior, excellent, best

• युयुत्सया (yuyutsayā) - with a desire to fight, desirous of battle

• द्रोणमुखान् (droṇamukhān) - those with Drona at their head, led by Drona

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

• समासदत् (samāsadat) - he approached, met

• सिंहशिशुः (siṁhaśiśuḥ) - a lion cub

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• गजान् (gajān) - elephants

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine of `tad` (this form `sa` occurs before a consonant).

कर्णिकारप्रवरोच्छ्रितध्वजः (karṇikārapravarocchritadhvajaḥ) - one whose excellent Karnikara flower banner is raised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇikārapravarocchritadhvaja

karṇikārapravarocchritadhvaja - having a banner with a prominent Karnikara flower raised

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (karṇikāra+pravara+ucchrita+dhvaja)

• karṇikāra – Karnikara tree/flower (Pterospermum acerifolium), a tree with yellow flowers
  noun (masculine)
• pravara – excellent, chief, prominent, best
  adjective
• ucchrita – raised, elevated, lifted up
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root `śri` (to rely on, to serve) with prefix `ud` and suffix `kta`
  Prefix: ud
  Root: śri (class 1)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for `arjuniḥ`.

सुवर्णवर्मा (suvarṇavarmā) - having golden armor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suvarṇavarman

suvarṇavarman - having golden armor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (suvarṇa+varman)

• suvarṇa – gold, golden, good color
  noun (neuter)
• varman – armor, mail, defensive covering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for `arjuniḥ`.

अर्जुनिः (arjuniḥ) - Abhimanyu, the son of Arjuna (son of Arjuna, Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuni

arjuni - son of Arjuna

patronymic

Note: Main subject of the sentence (along with `sa`).

अर्जुनात् (arjunāt) - from Arjuna, than Arjuna

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name)

Note: Indicates comparison with `varaḥ`.

वरः (varaḥ) - superior, excellent, best

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - excellent, best, superior, choice, boon

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for `arjuniḥ`.

युयुत्सया (yuyutsayā) - with a desire to fight, desirous of battle

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yuyutsā

yuyutsā - desire to fight, pugnacity

Desiderative Noun

derived from desiderative stem of `yudh` (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the reason or state.

द्रोणमुखान् (droṇamukhān) - those with Drona at their head, led by Drona

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of droṇamukha

droṇamukha - having Drona as the chief/leader

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (droṇa+mukha)

• droṇa – Drona (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, leader, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for `mahārathān`.

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior who fights from a chariot, a great charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `samāsadat`.

समासदत् (samāsadat) - he approached, met

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-ā-sad

Imperfect 3rd person singular

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

सिंहशिशुः (siṁhaśiśuḥ) - a lion cub

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃhaśiśu

siṁhaśiśu - lion cub, young lion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+śiśu)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• śiśu – child, infant, cub
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

गजान् (gajān) - elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Object of the implied verb (attacks) in the simile.