महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-16, verse-8

अर्जुनेन विहीनस्तु यदि नोत्सृजते रणम् ।
मामुपायान्तमालोक्य गृहीतमिति विद्धि तम् ॥८॥

8. arjunena vihīnastu yadi notsṛjate raṇam ,
māmupāyāntamālokya gṛhītamiti viddhi tam.

8. arjunena vihīnaḥ tu yadi na utsṛjate raṇam
mām upāyāntam ālokya gṛhītam iti viddhi tam

8. tu yadi arjunena vihīnaḥ [saḥ] raṇam na utsṛjate,
[tadā] mām upāyāntam ālokya,
tam gṛhītam iti viddhi

8. But if, deprived of Arjuna, he does not abandon the battle, then, upon perceiving me approaching, you should know that he is [as good as] captured.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna, the Pandava hero (by Arjuna)

• विहीनः (vihīnaḥ) - deprived of, devoid of, without, abandoned

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• न (na) - not, no

• उत्सृजते (utsṛjate) - he gives up, he abandons, he releases

• रणम् (raṇam) - battle, combat, war

• माम् (mām) - me

• उपायान्तम् (upāyāntam) - approaching, coming near

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, having perceived, after seeing

• गृहीतम् (gṛhītam) - captured, seized, taken

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• तम् (tam) - him (Yudhishthira) (him, that one)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna, the Pandava hero (by Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a proper name, one of the Pandavas)

Note: Used with `vihīnaḥ` (deprived of).

विहीनः (vihīnaḥ) - deprived of, devoid of, without, abandoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihīna

vihīna - left, abandoned, devoid of, deficient in

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √hā (to abandon) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with implied subject (Yudhishthira).

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

उत्सृजते (utsṛjate) - he gives up, he abandons, he releases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of utsṛj

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Ātmanepada form. ut + √sṛj.

रणम् (raṇam) - battle, combat, war

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Note: Object of `utsṛjate`.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

उपायान्तम् (upāyāntam) - approaching, coming near

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāyānt

upāyānt - approaching, coming near

present active participle

Present active participle of √yā (to go) with prefixes upa- and ā-.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `mām`.

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, having perceived, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from √lok (to see) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Absolutive.

गृहीतम् (gṛhītam) - captured, seized, taken

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - taken, seized, captured, accepted

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √grah (to seize).

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Predicative accusative, referring to `tam` (Yudhishthira).

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotation particle.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Irregular form.

तम् (tam) - him (Yudhishthira) (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira.