महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-16, verse-41

नैतच्छक्नोमि संसोढुमाह्वानं पुरुषर्षभ ।
सत्यं ते प्रतिजानामि हतान्विद्धि परान्युधि ॥४१॥

41. naitacchaknomi saṁsoḍhumāhvānaṁ puruṣarṣabha ,
satyaṁ te pratijānāmi hatānviddhi parānyudhi.

41. na etat śaknomi saṃsoḍhum āhvānam puruṣarṣabha
satyam te pratijānāmi hatān viddhi parān yudhi

41. puruṣarṣabha,
etat āhvānam na saṃsoḍhum śaknomi.
te satyam pratijānāmi,
parān yudhi hatān viddhi.

41. I am unable to endure this challenge, O best among men (puruṣarṣabha). I truly promise you: know the enemies to be dead in battle!

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• एतत् (etat) - this

• शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able

• संसोढुम् (saṁsoḍhum) - to endure, to bear

• आह्वानम् (āhvānam) - challenge, call, summons

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O Yudhishthira, best among men (O best among men)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly, truthfully

• ते (te) - to you, your

• प्रतिजानामि (pratijānāmi) - I promise, I pledge

• हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed, dead

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• परान् (parān) - enemies, others

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, referring to immediate presence

Note: Object of `saṃsoḍhum`.

शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present Tense

From root `śak` (class 5)

Root: śak (class 5)

संसोढुम् (saṁsoḍhum) - to endure, to bear

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of saṃsah

Infinitive

From prefix `sam` + root `sah` (to bear, endure)

Prefix: sam

Root: sah (class 1)

आह्वानम् (āhvānam) - challenge, call, summons

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āhvāna

āhvāna - call, summons, challenge

From prefix `ā` + root `hvā`

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Object of `saṃsoḍhum`.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O Yudhishthira, best among men (O best among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best of men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, male, person, supreme cosmic person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truly, truthfully

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, truth, real, really

Root: as (class 2)

ते (te) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

प्रतिजानामि (pratijānāmi) - I promise, I pledge

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratijñā

Present Tense

From prefix `prati` + root `jñā`

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed, dead

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - struck, killed, destroyed, dead

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` (to strike, slay)

Root: han (class 2)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative

From root `vid` (class 2)

Root: vid (class 2)

परान् (parān) - enemies, others

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, enemy

Note: Object of `viddhi`.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

From root `yudh` (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)