महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-16, verse-21

नानाजनपदेभ्यश्च रथानामयुतं पुनः ।
समुत्थितं विशिष्टानां संशपार्थमुपागतम् ॥२१॥

21. nānājanapadebhyaśca rathānāmayutaṁ punaḥ ,
samutthitaṁ viśiṣṭānāṁ saṁśapārthamupāgatam.

21. nānājanapadebhyaḥ ca rathānām ayutam punaḥ
samutthitam viśiṣṭānām saṃśapārtham upāgatam

21. ca punaḥ nāṇājanapadebhyaḥ viśiṣṭānām rathānām
ayutam saṃśapārtham samutthitam upāgatam

21. And again, ten thousand chariots of distinguished warriors, having assembled from various countries, arrived for the purpose of the joint oath.

Words meanings summery:

• नानाजनपदेभ्यः (nānājanapadebhyaḥ) - from various countries, from diverse regions

• च (ca) - and, also

• रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots

• अयुतम् (ayutam) - ten thousand (10,000)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• समुत्थितम् (samutthitam) - arisen, assembled, stood up

• विशिष्टानाम् (viśiṣṭānām) - of the distinguished, of the excellent ones

• संशपार्थम् (saṁśapārtham) - for the purpose of the joint oath

• उपागतम् (upāgatam) - arrived, come near, approached

Words meanings and morphology

नानाजनपदेभ्यः (nānājanapadebhyaḥ) - from various countries, from diverse regions

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of nānājanapada

nānājanapada - various countries or regions

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nānā+janapada)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• janapada – country, district, province, community
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

अयुतम् (ayutam) - ten thousand (10,000)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ayuta

ayuta - ten thousand (10,000)

Note: Refers to a contingent of ten thousand chariots or warriors with chariots.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

समुत्थितम् (samutthitam) - arisen, assembled, stood up

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samutthita

samutthita - arisen, stood up, assembled, prepared, produced

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- (together, completely) and ud- (up, out).

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ayutam'.

विशिष्टानाम् (viśiṣṭānām) - of the distinguished, of the excellent ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - distinguished, excellent, superior, specific

Past Passive Participle

From root śiṣ (to leave, distinguish) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Modifies an implied noun like 'warriors' or 'men' associated with the chariots.

संशपार्थम् (saṁśapārtham) - for the purpose of the joint oath

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃśapārtha

saṁśapārtha - for the sake of a joint oath or solemn agreement

Formed as a compound where -artham denotes purpose.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃśapa+artha)

• saṃśapa – joint oath, mutual oath
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix sam- and root śap.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śap (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, object, sake
  noun (masculine)

उपागतम् (upāgatam) - arrived, come near, approached

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, arrived, come near, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefixes upa- (near, towards) and ā- (to, hither).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ayutam'.