महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-51, verse-4

ततः शल्यरथं तूर्णमास्थाय हतवाहनः ।
द्रौणिः पाञ्चालदायादमभ्यवर्षदथेषुभिः ॥४॥

4. tataḥ śalyarathaṁ tūrṇamāsthāya hatavāhanaḥ ,
drauṇiḥ pāñcāladāyādamabhyavarṣadatheṣubhiḥ.

4. tataḥ śalyaratham tūrṇam āsthāya hatavāhanaḥ
drauṇiḥ pāñcāladāyādam abhyavarṣat atha iṣubhiḥ

4. tataḥ hatavāhanaḥ drauṇiḥ tūrṇam śalyaratham
āsthāya atha pāñcāladāyādam iṣubhiḥ abhyavarṣat

4. Then, with his charioteer killed, Droṇa's son (Drauṇi) quickly mounted Shalya's chariot. Thereafter, he showered the heir of Pāñcāla (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

• शल्यरथम् (śalyaratham) - Shalya's chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having mounted, having resorted to, having taken up)

• हतवाहनः (hatavāhanaḥ) - one whose charioteer/steeds were killed (one whose vehicles are destroyed, one whose steeds are slain)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

• पाञ्चालदायादम् (pāñcāladāyādam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the heir of Pāñcāla (heir of Pāñcāla)

• अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - showered upon, rained upon

• अथ (atha) - thereafter (then, thereupon, now, moreover)

• इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

शल्यरथम् (śalyaratham) - Shalya's chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śalyaratha

śalyaratha - Shalya's chariot

Compound type : tatpurusha (śalya+ratha)

• śalya – Shalya (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having mounted, having resorted to, having taken up)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) derived from root sthā (to stand) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

हतवाहनः (hatavāhanaḥ) - one whose charioteer/steeds were killed (one whose vehicles are destroyed, one whose steeds are slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatavāhana

hatavāhana - whose vehicles are destroyed, whose steeds are slain

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+vāhana)

• hata – slain, killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• vāhana – vehicle, steed, carrier
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Drauṇi

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

Patronymic from Droṇa

पाञ्चालदायादम् (pāñcāladāyādam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the heir of Pāñcāla (heir of Pāñcāla)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāñcāladāyāda

pāñcāladāyāda - heir of the Pāñcālas

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāñcāla+dāyāda)

• pāñcāla – Pāñcāla (name of a country and its people/king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• dāyāda – heir, descendant, inheritor
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dāya (inheritance) + da (giving)
  Root: dā (class 3)

अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - showered upon, rained upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavarṣat

Imperfect 3rd person singular, derived from root vṛṣ with upasarga abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

अथ (atha) - thereafter (then, thereupon, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Root: iṣ (class 4)