महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-51, verse-39

न निवर्तयितुं चापि शक्येयं महती चमूः ।
अन्योन्यप्रेक्षया पश्य द्रवतीयं वरूथिनी ॥३९॥

39. na nivartayituṁ cāpi śakyeyaṁ mahatī camūḥ ,
anyonyaprekṣayā paśya dravatīyaṁ varūthinī.

39. na nivartayitum ca api śakyā iyam mahatī camūḥ
anyonyaprekṣayā paśya dravati iyam varūthinī

39. ca api iyam mahatī camūḥ nivartayitum na śakyā
paśya iyam varūthinī anyonyaprekṣayā dravati

39. Furthermore, this great army cannot be turned back. Look, this host of warriors is fleeing merely by looking at one another.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• निवर्तयितुम् (nivartayitum) - to turn back (to turn back, to cause to retreat)

• च (ca) - furthermore (and, also, moreover)

• अपि (api) - either (in conjunction with 'na') (also, even, too)

• शक्या (śakyā) - able (to be turned back) (capable of, possible, able (feminine))

• इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

• महती (mahatī) - great (great, large, mighty (feminine))

• चमूः (camūḥ) - army (army, host)

• अन्योन्यप्रेक्षया (anyonyaprekṣayā) - by merely looking at each other (by looking at each other)

• पश्य (paśya) - look! (see! behold! look!)

• द्रवति (dravati) - is fleeing (flees, runs, flows)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

• वरूथिनी (varūthinī) - host of warriors (army, host, troops)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

निवर्तयितुम् (nivartayitum) - to turn back (to turn back, to cause to retreat)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of the causative form of root √vṛt with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - furthermore (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - either (in conjunction with 'na') (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often combined with 'ca' as 'cāpi' to mean 'and also'.

शक्या (śakyā) - able (to be turned back) (capable of, possible, able (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakya

śakya - capable, possible, practicable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root √śak (to be able) with suffix -ya

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'camūḥ'.

इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'camūḥ'.

महती (mahatī) - great (great, large, mighty (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'camūḥ'.

चमूः (camūḥ) - army (army, host)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host

अन्योन्यप्रेक्षया (anyonyaprekṣayā) - by merely looking at each other (by looking at each other)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of anyonyaprekṣā

anyonyaprekṣā - mutual looking, looking at each other

Derived from 'anyonyaprekṣaṇa', 'anyonyam' (mutually) + 'prekṣā' (looking)

Compound type : tatpurusha (anyonya+prekṣā)

• anyonya – mutual, each other
  pronoun
• prekṣā – looking, sight
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from √īkṣ (to see) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पश्य (paśya) - look! (see! behold! look!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √dṛś

Imperative

Loṭ (Imperative) form of root √dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used as an exclamation to draw attention.

द्रवति (dravati) - is fleeing (flees, runs, flows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √dru

Present indicative

Lat (Present) form of root √dru

Root: dru (class 1)

इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'varūthinī'.

वरूथिनी (varūthinī) - host of warriors (army, host, troops)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of varūthinī

varūthinī - army, host, troops