महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-51, verse-2

द्रोणपुत्रेण शल्येन कृपेण च महात्मना ।
समसज्जत पाञ्चाल्यस्त्रिभिरेतैर्महारथैः ॥२॥

2. droṇaputreṇa śalyena kṛpeṇa ca mahātmanā ,
samasajjata pāñcālyastribhiretairmahārathaiḥ.

2. droṇaputreṇa śalyena kṛpeṇa ca mahātmanā
samasajjata pāñcālyaḥ tribhiḥ etaiḥ mahārathaiḥ

2. pāñcālyaḥ droṇaputreṇa śalyena ca mahātmanā
kṛpeṇa etaiḥ tribhiḥ mahārathaiḥ samasajjata

2. The Pāñcāla prince (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) engaged in battle with these three great charioteers (mahāratha): Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā), Śalya, and the great-souled Kṛpa.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (by Droṇa's son)

• शल्येन (śalyena) - by Śalya

• कृपेण (kṛpeṇa) - by Kṛpa

• च (ca) - and

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one

• समसज्जत (samasajjata) - engaged, joined battle with

• पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - the Pāñcāla prince (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (the Pāñcāla prince)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great charioteers (mahāratha)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (by Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpurusha (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāmā.

शल्येन (śalyena) - by Śalya

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (proper name of the king of Madra)

कृपेण (kṛpeṇa) - by Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (proper name of a teacher, the Kuru royal family's guru)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the last two names.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious (referring to a great person)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'kṛpeṇa'.

समसज्जत (samasajjata) - engaged, joined battle with

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sajj

Derived from root 'sajj' (to attach oneself) with upasarga 'sam'. Here used in the middle voice meaning 'to engage'.

Prefix: sam

Root: sajj (class 1)

Note: Often implies conflict or joining battle.

पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - the Pāñcāla prince (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (the Pāñcāla prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - a prince of the Pāñcāla country, descendant of Pañcāla (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Derived from 'pañcāla' (name of a country/tribe) with suffix 'ya'

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'etaiḥ' and 'mahārathaiḥ'.

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the three mentioned warriors.

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great charioteers (mahāratha)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, great charioteer

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot; warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tribhiḥ' and 'etaiḥ'.